应为：Someone is knocking at the door.
你应该注意听老师讲课。
You should listen the teacher attentively. (错）
应为：You should listen to the teacher attentively.
他坚持要送我回家。
He insisted seeing me home. (错）
应为：He insisted on seeing me home

3. 对词义理解错了：

我曾听人说起他，但是我并不认识他。
I have heard him, but I don't know him. (错）
应为：I have heard of him, but I don't know him.
学生正忙着准备大考。
The students are busy preparing the final examination.(错）
应为：The students are busy preparing for the examination.
注:学生为了大考作准备，而不是筹备这工作。

4.误用介词：
他努力学习，因此学业上取得很大进步。
He studied hard. With a result，he made great progress in his studies.(错）
句中“with a result”应改为“as a result”。
教师要我们把这一句用自己的话译出来。
The teacher wanted us to paraphrase the sentence with our own words. (错）
句中“with our own words”应改为：“in our own words”。