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但在表示命令、请求时,就不能省掉这样的人称代词,例如:
a. Off with you! I don't want to see you any longer.
你给我滚开!我不想再见到你。
b. Get up, you lazy bones. Go to the fields and work. It's dawning, don't you see?
快給我起来,你们这些懒骨头!到地里干活去,天都麻麻亮啦,难道你们都眼瞎了?
然而把汉语译成英语时,就必须将人称代词补充译出来,否则无法完成句子,例如:
喂!请问去阜成门民生银行怎么走?
Hello, can you tell me how to get to CHINA MINSHENG BANKING CORPORATION at Fuchengmen?
翻译人称代词时应注意以下两点:
1. we (us), you (you)两个词有时用来泛指一般人,译成汉语时可以用“大家”、“人们”或其相关名词来表示,例如:
a. We (You) have to shelter from the rain when it comes along with thunder.
雷雨交加时,太家一定要躲避躲避。
b. You are requested to show your ID card when you draw cash in excess of $ 1,000 from your account with us.
顾客来我行提取现金超过1000美元时,请出示身份证。
类似的语句常出现在定单、广告、说明书等里面,翻译时要相应地译作“订户”、“用户”、“客户”等,例如:
You could be missing vital information? Make sure you see EUROMOSEY on time each month by taking out your own subscription.
读者可能看不到重要消息。读者自己订一份就可以保证每月都能阅读《欧洲货币》了。
上面是《欧洲货币》一则广告中的两句话。其中的You泛指读者,而不是特指“你”或“你们”。翻译中文时也用“you”, 但仍然是泛指读者。
2. she (her)可以用来指国家、船只、大地、月亮等,在翻译时应恰当地运用,例如:
The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence are the guidelines that the People's Republic of China has upheld since she was founded in 1949 when dealing her relations with other countries.
和平共处五项原则指的是:中华人民共和国自从1949年成立以来在处理同其他国家的关系时所一贯遵照的指导方针。
——《北京周报》,1994年,第2期,第34页