莫高窟大门外，有一条河，过河有一溜空地，中高高低低建着几座僧人圆寂塔。（余秋雨：《道士塔》）

Outside the entrance to the Mogao Grottoes flows a river, and across the river is a piece of land on which stand several stupas in honour of the deceased abbots of the Mogao Grottoes.

译例中画线部分是空间标记（space marker)）。很明显，英语中的空间标记比汉语多，空间框架更为外表化（externalized）。而汉语中ゅ处由于省略了“空地上”一词，使空间概念失去了其语言编码标记，只能由读者意会。英译时加了一个on字，才使空间概念显现出来。

空间顺序可进一步分为历时空间和共时空间，前者指随着时间的推移而发生变化的空间关系，后者指（大体）同一时间里的空间关系。下面一个译例中就兼有这两种空间关系。

……我们才过岱宗坊，震天的吼声就把我们吸引到虎山水库的大坝前面。七股大水，从水库的桥孔跃出，仿佛七幅闪光黄锦，直铺下去，碰着嶙嶙的乱石，激起一片雪白水珠，脱线一般，撒在回旋的水面。我们绕过虎山，站到坝桥上，一边是平静的湖水，迎着斜风细雨，懒洋洋只是欲步不前，一边却暗恶叱咤，似有千军万马，躲在绮丽的黄锦底下。……（《英汉对照中国文学现代散文卷》，244页）

句群中画线的部分，“才过……绕过……”两个动词表明历时空间，“一边……一边……”则表明共时空间。翻译时应将这种时空关系准确再现出来：

Once through the Dai Zong Arch, we were drawn by a thunderous roar to the huge dike of Tiger Mount Reservoir. Seven Torrents were rushing through the archways of the bridge like seven glittering rolls of cloth of gold cascading on to the jagged rocks below and scattering snow-white bubbles like a string of broken beads on the swirling water. Skirting Tiger Mount we walked on to this bridge and looked down on the placid reservoir on one side, only slightly ruffled by the wind and seemingly too indolent to stir, while the tumult on the other side sounded like the tramping thunder of ten thousand horses' hooves beneath that sumptuous cloth

of gold.

译文中用“Once through....Skirting...”再现历时空间，用“on one side..….while..on the other side...”再现共时空间，整个句群勾勒出清晰的时空构架。

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