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当然,中俄经贸合作中还存在一些具体问题。我想强调,这些问题是伴随两国合作不断推进、相互融合日益深入而产生的。有效解决问题的途径就是创新思路,多措并举,不断拓展合作领域,深挖合作潜力,扩大相互投资、市场准入,提升贸易和投资便利化水平,大力推动农产品贸易、电子商务、服务贸易等领域合作发展,做大双方共同利益“蛋糕”,促进中俄经贸合作提质增量,迈上更高台阶。
问:您如何看待中国经济发展前景?
Of course, our bilateral business ties are not free from specific issues. But it is worth pointing out that they are the natural result of our deepening cooperation and growing shared interests. The most effective way to address them is to take an innovative and multi-pronged approach to expand cooperation areas and unlock the full potential of our practical cooperation, such as scaling up mutual investment, widening market access, facilitating trade and investment activities, and boosting cooperation in agricultural trade, e-commerce and trade in services. By enlarging common interests, we can upgrade our business cooperation so that it will improve in both quality and quantity.
Q3. Could you share some insights on China's economic outlook?
答:新中国成立70年来,特别是改革开放40年来,中国经济发展取得举世瞩目的成就,中国成为世界第二大经济体以及制造业、货物贸易、外汇储备第一大国。2018年,中国经济总量跨过90万亿元人民币大关,人均国内生产总值接近1万美元,经济增速6.6%,位居世界前列,对世界经济增长贡献率约30%。
Xi: The Chinese economy has achieved tremendous growth since the founding of New China 70 years ago, and especially since the start of reform and opening-up 40 years ago. China is now the world's second largest economy, the largest manufacturer, the largest trader in goods, and holder of the largest foreign exchange reserves. In 2018, the Chinese economy passed the RMB90 trillion yuan mark and per capita GDP was close to US$10,000. Our 6.6 percent economic growth rate, one of the highest in the world, meant that China accounted for around 30 percent of global growth last year.
今年以来,面对世界经济增长和国际贸易有所放缓的大环境,中国经济开局良好,主要经济指标保持在合理区间。一季度国内生产总值增长6.4%,连续14个季度经济增速保持在6.4%至6.8%区间,延续近年来平稳增长态势,国内消费继续发挥对经济增长的主引擎作用;就业持续增加,前4个月城镇新增就业459万人,居民收入增长略快于经济增长;物价水平保持总体稳定,居民消费价格温和上涨2%;进出口总额同比增长4.3%,外汇储备保持在3万亿美元以上。同时,中国的经济结构在优化,发展方式在转变,质量效益在提升,稳中向好态势更趋明显。
In spite of a slowdown in global growth and trade, the Chinese economy has had a strong start this year with key economic indicators kept in a proper range. In the first quarter, our GDP grew by 6.4 percent, sustaining its momentum of steady growth in recent years and representing the 14th consecutive quarter of staying in the 6.4 percent to 6.8 percent range. Domestic consumption remained the main driver of growth. Employment continued to expand, with 4.59 million urban jobs added in the first four months of 2019. Personal income grew faster than the economy. Prices were generally stable, with consumer prices posting a modest growth of 2 percent. Total imports and exports were up by 4.3 percent year-on-year, and China's foreign exchange reserves stayed above US$3 trillion. Apart from all this, we were able to improve the economic structure, transform the model of development and enhance the quality and efficiency of economic performance, thus strengthening the momentum of steady and robust growth.
稳中向好、长期向好是中国经济没有改变也不会改变的大趋势。展望未来,中国经济平稳健康可持续发展具备充足支撑条件。一是资源潜力,中国有近14亿人口、9亿劳动力、1.7亿受过高等教育和拥有技能的人才资源、全球最大的中等收入群体、1亿多个市场主体;二是内生动力,中国经济增长主要靠内需拉动,2018年内需对经济增长贡献率达108.6%,其中最终消费贡献率达76.2%;三是发展活力,中国研发投入全球排名第二,约占经济总量2.18%,以战略性新兴产业、分享经济等为代表的新动能不断壮大;四是调控能力,有中国共产党的坚强领导,有集中力量办大事的政治优势,有万众一心、众志成城的民族精神,有改革开放以来持续高速发展积累的雄厚物质技术基础,有巨大发展韧性、潜力、回旋余地,有丰富的宏观调控经验和充足的政策空间,我们完全有条件、有能力、有信心应对各种风险挑战。
The trajectory of our economy toward more steady growth has not changed and will remain so in the long run. Looking ahead, a number of factors will support the steady, healthy and sustainable growth of the economy. These include: First, China's large pool of human resources. China has a population of nearly 1.4 billion, a 900-million-strong workforce, a talent pool of 170 million college graduates and people with professional skills, the world's largest middle-income population, and more than 100 million market entities. Second, China's strong internal driving forces. The Chinese economy is mainly driven by domestic consumption. In 2018, domestic consumption contributed 108.6 percent of economic growth; in particular, the contribution of final consumption was as high as 76.2 percent. Third, China's growing economic dynamism. China's R&D spending ranks second in the world, accounting for around 2.18 percent of its GDP. Emerging strategic industries, the sharing economy and other new economic forces are seeing continuous expansion. Fourth, China's mobilization capability. We have in China the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China, the political advantage that comes from being able to mobilize resources for major undertakings, the spirit of a nation united as one, the solid material and technological foundation built through decades of rapid development in the era of reform and opening-up, the enormous resilience, potential and flexibility in development, and the rich experience in macro-regulation as well as ample policy space. We therefore have all the necessary conditions as well as the capability and confidence to deal with any risks and challenges.