民族语言文字广泛使用。根据宪法规定，国家在依法保障推行通用语言文字的同时，充分保障各少数民族使用本民族语言文字的权利。民族语言文字在新疆司法、行政、教育、新闻出版、广播电视、互联网、社会公共事务等领域得到广泛使用。现有13家出版社使用维吾尔、汉、哈萨克、柯尔克孜、蒙古、锡伯六种语言文字出版图书、音像制品和电子出版物。公开发行报纸110种，其中少数民族文字报纸52种。发行期刊200种，其中少数民族文字期刊120种。用维吾尔、汉、哈萨克、蒙古4种文字出版的新疆日报是中国使用文种最多的省级党委机关报。察布查尔报是世界仅有的锡伯文报纸。新疆人民广播电台现有维吾尔、汉、哈萨克、蒙古、柯尔克孜5种语言的15套广播节目。新疆电视台现有维吾尔、汉、哈萨克、柯尔克孜4种语言的12套电视节目，是全国播出频道、语种最多的省级电视台。

　　文化遗产得到有效保护。新中国成立之初，新疆省政府发布《关于保护文物古迹的通令》，重点保护库车县、拜城县千佛洞遗址。多年来，中央和地方政府投入资金对高昌故城、北庭故城遗址、喀什艾提尕尔清真寺等一大批文物古迹进行了修缮保护，抢救性保护修复了3000余件珍贵文物。截至2016年年底，新疆有世界文化遗产2处、国家级历史文化名城5座、国家级重点文物保护单位113处、自治区级文物保护单位558处，182家国有单位收藏保管可移动文物61.6万余件。新疆维吾尔木卡姆艺术、柯尔克孜史诗《玛纳斯》、维吾尔族麦西热甫分别列入联合国教科文组织“人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录”和“急需保护的非物质文化遗产名录”。新疆各民族均有代表性非遗项目列入国家级和自治区级非遗名录。

Spoken and written languages of ethnic minorities are widely used. The Constitution stipulates that the state promotes the nationwide use of Putonghua in accordance with the law; meanwhile, it safeguards the rights of various ethnic groups to use and develop their own spoken and written languages. Spoken and written languages of ethnic minorities are extensively used in such areas as judicature, administration, education, press & publishing, radio & television, the Internet and social public affairs. Xinjiang now has 13 publishing houses publishing books, audio and video products, and e-publications in six languages - Uygur, Han Chinese, Kazak, Kirgiz, Mongolian and Xibe. Xinjiang publishes 110 newspapers, including 52 in ethnic minority languages, and 200 periodicals, including 120 in ethnic minority languages. Published in four languages - Uygur, Han Chinese, Kazak and Mongolian - the official provincial-level newspaper, Xinjiang Daily, boasts the most editions of different languages in China. Qapqal News is the world's only newspaper published in the Xibe language. Xinjiang People's Broadcasting Station now provides 15 radio channels in five languages - Uygur, Han Chinese, Kazak, Mongolian and Kirgiz. Xinjiang TV provides 12 TV channels in four languages - Uygur, Han Chinese, Kazak and Kirgiz; it is, therefore the provincial-level TV station with the most channels and broadcasts in different languages throughout the country.

Cultural heritage has been effectively protected. Following the founding of the PRC, the government of the autonomous region (then a province) issued the Order on the Protection of Historical Sites, giving priority to the conservation of the Thousand Buddha Caves Sites in Kuqa County and Baicheng County. For many years, the central and local governments have funded the conservation and renovation of many historical and cultural sites in Xinjiang, including the Gaochang Ancient City Ruins, Beiting Ancient City Site and Kashi's Id Kah Mosque. More than 3,000 precious cultural relics have been conserved and renovated. By the end of 2016, Xinjiang had two world cultural heritages, five national historical and cultural cities, 113 cultural relic sites under state key protection, and 558 cultural relic sites under autonomous regional protection, with more than 616,000 tangible cultural relics being collected and kept in 182 state-owned units. Currently, Xinjiang has three projects on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity and the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding - the Art of Xinjiang Uygur Muqam, the Epic of Manas, and the Meshrep. All ethnic groups in Xinjiang possess intangible cultural heritage items at both autonomous region and/or state levels.