optimaloptimizeoptimization

polarpolarizepolarization

purepurifypurification

rationalrationalize rationalization

regularregularizeregularization

secularsecularizesecularization

systematicsystemizesystemization

WesternWesternizeWestemization

还有不少是“形容词+ en”构成的动词，其现在分词和动名词/名词化动词大都可以译成带“化”的抽象名词，如：

broadbroadenbroadening

deepdeependeepening

lesslessenlessening

lightlightenlightening

tighttightentightening

sharpsharpensharpening

widewidenwidening

worseworsenworsening

在进行汉译英时，能找到上述对应的带“化”字的英语单词，但随着社会经济和语言的发展，特别是改革开放以来，汉语中使用“化”字的地方日益增多，有的在英语里根本就找不到对应的单词，因此只好意译了。现在流行带“化”字的有：现代化、市场化、国产化、数字化、公开化、年轻化、知识化、集团化、企业化、科学化、民主化、规范化、正规化、法制化、股份化、债券化、合法化、深化、优化等等。其中有的可以按照英语构词法造出一个带“化”意义的新单词来，如marketization,

urbanisation, globalization, regionalization, localization, securitization等，但是，“年轻化”、“科学化”、“知识化”、“集团化”、“企业化”、“股份化”等就不能如法炮制，必须意译才成，例如

干部队伍的革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化。

The ranks of the cadres become more revolutionary, younger in average age，better-educated and more professionally competent.

或者译成：

Cadres are more revolutionary，younger, better-educated and more professional.

企业化 to turn ... into business institutions, to make... function as an enterprise, to function in an entrepreneurial manner, to be run as enterprise,...

集团化 to turn /incorporate. . . into an enterprise group, to conglomerate...

公开化 to come out into the open，to be brought into the open, to bring ... to light... to be /act in an overt way 

股份化 to transfer... into share holding, stockholding companies. 

责任编辑：admin