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科技英语中大量使用非谓语动词。当这些非谓语动词以短语或复合结构出现时,往往含有一定的附加意义,尤其是分词短语和分词独立结构在句中有状语职能时,往往具有比较含蓄的时间、原因、条件、方式、结果、让步或伴随等意义,而这些附加意义在字面上又表示不出来。因此,为了准确、完整地表达出原文的内容,翻译时需根据上下文仔细分析,反复推敲,确定这些非谓语动词含有的附加意义,然后采用加添汉语适当译词的方法杷这些附加意义表达出来。试看以下各例。
1) The blood circulates through the vessels, carrying food and oxygen to all parts of the body.
血液在血管中循环,从而把营养物质和氧气输送到全身各部分。 (分词短语Carrying…含结果意义)
2) To attract foreign investment, the United States must offer higher interest rate, adding to domestic borrowing and financing costs, which boost inflation.
为了吸引外资,美国必须提供较高的利率,而这样就会加重内债和金融开支,最终导致通货膨胀。(不定式短语to attract…含目的意义;分词短语adding…含结果意义)
3) If a high-capacity projectile and an armorpiercing projectile, with no other factors considered, were fired from the same gun , the high-capacity projectile, being lighter , would have a slightly higher muzzle velocity.
在不考虑其它因素的情况下,如果一发榴弹和一发穿甲弹由同一门火炮发射,那么由于前者重量较轻,其初速就会稍高些。(with带分词独立结构含伴随意义;分词短语being lighter含原因意义)
3) Circling Venus, the spaceship took a lot of photographs.
这艘飞船在绕金星飞行过程中,拍摄了大量照片。(分词短语circling…含伴随意义)
4) Possessing high conductivity of heat and electricity, aluminium finds wide application in industry.