——推广应用农业科技。2018年，农业科技进步贡献率达到58.3%，比1996年的15.5%提高了42.8个百分点。科学施肥、节水灌溉、绿色防控等技术大面积推广，水稻、小麦、玉米三大粮食作物的农药、化肥利用率分别达到38.8%、37.8%，病虫草害损失率大幅降低。2004年以来实施粮食丰产科技工程，共建设丰产科技攻关田、核心区、示范区、辐射区1276个，累计增产粮食1.3亿吨，项目区单产增产量达到全国平均水平的2.3倍。农业科技的推广应用，为粮食增产发挥了积极作用。

– Applying agricultural science and technology. In 2018, the contribution of scientific and technological progress to agriculture reached 58.3 percent, an increase of 42.8 percentage points from 15.5 percent in 1996. Scientific fertilization, water-saving irrigation, and green prevention and control have been popularized over large areas. That year pesticide and chemical fertilizer utilization rates for rice, wheat and corn reached 38.8 percent and 37.8 percent, and the loss rate from diseases, pests and weeds has fallen significantly. Since 2004, China has concentrated efforts to increase crop yield through science and technology, building a total of 1,276 research fields, core areas, demonstration areas and rollout areas, with a cumulative increase of 130 million tons of grain; the per unit yield in the project areas is as much as 2.3 times the national average. The popularization and application of agricultural science and technology has played a positive role in increasing grain output.

　　——提升粮食储运科技水平。攻克了一系列粮食储藏保鲜保质、虫霉防治和减损降耗关键技术难题，系统性解决了中国“北粮南运”散粮集装箱运输成套应用技术难题。不断扩大先进的仓储设施规模，2018年实现机械通风、粮情测控和环流熏蒸系统的仓容分别达到7.5亿吨、6.6亿吨和2.8亿吨。安全绿色储粮、质量安全、营养健康、加工转化、现代物流、“智慧粮食”等领域科研成果得到广泛应用。

– Upgrading the science and technology of grain storage and transportation. China has overcome a series of key technological problems in grain storage and preservation, improving pest and mildew control, loss reduction, and ensuring freshness and quality, and systematically addressed the technical problems of container transportation in bringing bulk grain from North China to the South. China continues to expand the scale of advanced storage facilities, and in 2018 the storage capacity of mechanical ventilation reached 750 million tons. Storage capacity where grains can be monitored reached 660 million tons, and storage capacity featuring circulation fumigation was 280 million tons. Scientific research 

findings in the fields of safe and green grain storage, quality and safety, nutrition and health, processing and transformation, modern logistics, and “intelligent grain” have been widely applied.

　　（七）着力强化依法管理合规经营

　　——完善粮食安全保障法律法规。加快推进粮食安全保障立法，颁布和修订实施《农业法》《土地管理法》《土壤污染防治法》《水土保持法》《农村土地承包法》《农业技术推广法》《农业机械化促进法》《种子法》《农产品质量安全法》《进出境动植物检疫法》《农民专业合作社法》《基本农田保护条例》《土地复垦条例》《农药管理条例》《植物检疫条例》《粮食流通管理条例》等法律法规。

7. Strengthening management and operations in accordance with the law

– Improving laws and regulations on food security. To accelerate food security legislation, China has promulgated and revised the following laws and regulations:

• Agricultural Law

• Land Administration Law

• Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Law

• Law on Soil and Water Conservation

• Rural Land Contracting Law

• Law on the Popularization of Agricultural Technology

• Law on Promotion of Agricultural Mechanization

• Seed Law

• Law on Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products

• Law on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine

• Law on Farmers’ Specialized Cooperatives

• Regulations on the Protection of Basic Farmland

• Regulations on Land Reclamation

• Regulations on Pesticide Administration

• Regulations on Plant Quarantine

• Regulations on the Administration of Grain Circulation.

　　——落实粮食安全省长责任制。确保国家粮食安全，中央政府承担首要责任，省级政府承担主体责任。2014年底，国务院出台《关于建立健全粮食安全省长责任制的若干意见》，从生产、流通、消费等各个环节明确各省级政府在维护国家粮食安全方面的事权与责任。2015年，国务院办公厅印发《粮食安全省长责任制考核办法》，建立考核机制，明确由国家相关部门组成考核工作组，负责具体实施考核工作，进一步压实地方政府维护国家粮食安全的责任。地方政府粮食安全意识普遍增强，粮食安全保障水平不断提升。

– Implementing the responsibility system of provincial governors for food security. In ensuring national food security, the central government should take overall responsibility, and the provincial governments bear the primary responsibility. At the end of 2014, the State Council issued the “Directives on Establishing and Improving the System of Provincial Governors’ Responsibility for Food Security”, defining the power and responsibilities of provincial governments in safeguarding national food security in terms of production, circulation and consumption. In 2015, the General Office of the State Council issued the “Measures for the Assessment of Provincial Governors’ Responsibility for Food Security”, established an assessment mechanism and formed a working group composed of relevant state departments, which was responsible for carrying out the assessment, thus further consolidating the responsibility of local governments in maintaining national food security. 

All local governments have increased their awareness of food security issues, and the level of food security has continuously improved.

　　——深化粮食“放管服”改革。持续推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务，切实强化市场意识和法治思维，牢固树立依法管粮、依法治粮的意识，依法推进双随机监管机制及涉粮事项向社会公开。完善粮食库存检查方式方法和质量安全监管制度，构建粮油安全储存责任体系和行为准则，确保粮食库存数量真实、质量良好、储存安全。建立以信用监管为基础的新型监管机制，维护正常的粮食流通秩序。

– Promoting reform in simplifying administration and delegating power, combining 

decentralization and management, and optimizing services. The goals are to strengthen market consciousness, reinforce thinking on the rule of law, foster an awareness of the need to manage and administer grain in accordance with the law, and strengthen supervision by such measures as random selection of targets for assessment and random selection of assessors, and timely provide information on grain-related affairs to the general public. We will improve the inspection methods of grain inventory and the quality and safety supervision system, and build a responsibility system and code of conduct for the safe storage of grain and oil, so as to ensure that grain stocks are accurate in quantity, good in quality, and safe in storage. We will continue to establish a new regulatory mechanism that mainly monitors the credibility of all players in the food industry to maintain the normal 

order of grain circulation.