二、中美贸易摩擦

　　近期，很多印尼媒体和智库高度关注中美经贸磋商有关动向，很多印尼朋友担心中美贸易摩擦升级给世界和印尼经济带来负面影响。在这里，我想做出一些说明。

II. Trade friction between China and the U.S.

In recent months, the trade talk between China and the U.S. has been a heated topic in Indonesian media and think tanks. Many friends in Indonesia worry that the escalating trade friction will bring negative impact on the world economy, including the Indonesian economy. I want to use this opportunity to clarify our positions.

　　第一，中美之间的贸易摩擦是美方首先挑起的。去年4月，美方首次宣布对中国输美产品加征关税，中方在第一时间作出了强有力的回应。此后，在中美经贸磋商期间，美方又不断发出新的威胁，几次正式实施加征关税措施。今年5月上旬，美方借口中方在磋商中立场倒退导致磋商出现挫折，正式宣布对2000亿美元中国产品加征25%关税，并威胁将启动对大约3000亿美元中国输美商品实施加征关税的程序。中方对此采取坚决反制措施，对美无理行径进行正当反击。这既是为了捍卫自身合法正当权益，也是为了维护多边主义和自由贸易体制。

Firstly, the trade friction was initiated by the U.S. side.

In April last year, the U.S. side first announced additional tariff on Chinese exports to the U.S. China responded immediately. Ever since then, the U.S. side has continuously threatened China and imposed several rounds of additional tariff during China-U.S. economic and trade consultations. In early May this year, the U.S. side imposed an additional 25% tariffs on 200 billion US dollars of Chinese products, and threatened to impose tariffs on around 300 billion US dollars of Chinese products, on the ground that China's backtracked position led to setbacks of the consultations, which was a wrongful accusation. The Chinese side has taken resolute countermeasures and carried out legitimate counterattack against the unreasonable acts of the U.S. side. This is to defend our legitimate rights and interests, as well as to maintain multilateralism and the free trade regime.

　　近期中美贸易摩擦再度升级，主要原因在于美方极限施压、漫天要价、出尔反尔，肆意采取贸易单边主义和霸凌主义行径。美方指责中方立场倒退，但纵观过去十一轮中美经贸磋商，究竟是谁在出尔反尔，谁在反复无常，大家查一查过往的新闻就会看得清清楚楚。去年5月，中美双方就经贸问题达成共识，在华盛顿发表联合声明。但几天后，美方就违背了双方共识。去年12月，中美双方就中方对美贸易采购数字达成共识，但美方却在此后的磋商中肆意抬高要价。所以，立场倒退、违背承诺的帽子绝对扣不到中方头上。

The recent escalation of trade friction is also caused by the reckless trade unilateralism and bullying by the U.S. side, who threatened China with extreme pressure, asked for sky-high prices and went back on their own words during the trade talks. The U.S. accused China of backtracking in trade talks. But if you look at previous media coverage on the past 11 rounds of trade talks, you will see clearly which side has been flip-flopping all along. In May last year, China and the U.S. reached consensus on trade and issued a joint statement in Washington, D.C. But just a few days later, the U.S. side abandoned the consensus. In December last year, the two sides reached consensus on the value of China's purchases from the U.S., but in the following talks the U.S. side wantonly rejected the agreement and asked for more. It is not China but the U.S. who is backtracking and breaking commitments.

　　第二，中国坚定维护自身合法利益。中方高度重视中美双方存在的经贸分歧。面对美方关税威胁，中方从大局出发，本着合作担当的精神，先后与美方进行十一轮经贸磋商，最大程度体现了中方推动谈判的诚意和善意。中美在经贸领域具有广泛的共同利益和广阔的合作空间。中方坚持通过对话协商解决分歧，一直希望在相互尊重基础上达成双赢协议，推动中美经贸关系稳定健康发展。这不仅符合中美两国共同利益，也是国际社会的普遍期待。加征关税解决不了任何问题，发起贸易战只会损人害己。

Secondly, China is firmly committed to safeguarding its legitimate interests.

China gives high priority to resolving problems and disputes arising from the China-U.S. economic and trade relationship. Despite the U.S. tariff threat, China, in the spirit of cooperation and taking responsibility, has conducted 11 rounds of economic and trade consultations with the U.S., which has best demonstrated China's sincerity and goodwill in moving forward the negotiations. China and the U.S. enjoy broad shared interests and areas for cooperation. China is committed to resolving disputes through dialogue and consultation, and hopes to reach a win-win agreement based on mutual respect. The sound and steady development of China-U.S. economic and trade relations is not only in the fundamental interests of the two peoples, but also the common expectation of the international community. Imposing tariffs will not solve any problem, and by starting a trade war, the U.S. will do as much damage to itself as it will do to others.