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当今世界面临许多挑战,比如基础设施短缺等等。一些国家仍未走出金融危机的阴霾。“一带一路”倡议旨在为应对全球性挑战提供一个开放的国际合作平台,通过加强互联互通,推动全球经济增长。
“一带一路”合作不是政府主导,而是市场驱动,以企业为主体。如果全是政府的事,各方对“一带一路”倡议及高峰论坛的兴趣和支持就不会有这么大。“一带一路”倡议源自中国,但惠及世界。
Today, the world has many challenges, like shortfall in infrastructure, and so on. Some countries are still living with the impact of the financial crisis. The BRI aims to offer a solution to global challenges and an open platform for global cooperation. It focuses on connectivity, as you know, and would hopefully give a boost to global growth.
BRI cooperation is not government directed, but market driven. Enterprises are the major players. If it is all about government, there would not be so much interest in and support for the BRI and BRI forum. The BRI is launched by China, but its benefits are shared by the world.
BBC:您说“一带一路”惠及世界,但一些参与国正在表达担忧,比如斯里兰卡。早在2017年,斯里兰卡就不得不将一个港口的控制权交给中国以偿还其债务。我想知道,您怎么看有关“债务陷阱”的问题?
张明大使:我听到一些关于中国“债务陷阱”的流言蜚语。需要指出的是,债务问题是一个长期积累的全球性问题。 “一带一路”自提出到现在只有短短六年时间,你认为把一个老问题归咎于一项如此年轻的倡议真的合理吗?所谓 “债务陷阱”这顶帽子,扣不到中国头上,也扣不到“一带一路”倡议头上。没有人比“一带一路”参与者更了解事情的真相。不少“一带一路”沿线国家的领导人、企业家及公众均通过事实与数据驳斥了相关论调。菲律宾财政部长近期公开表示,截至去年底中方债务仅占菲总债务的0.65%。这是事实。此外 ,“一带一路”沿线国家不仅从中国贷款,也从其他国家贷款。把其他方面提供的贷款视作“馅饼”,而把中国提供的贷款称作“陷阱”,这是不公平的。
BBC: You say the benefits are shared by the world. But there are already countries that have signed up to this, who are expressing concern. For example, Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka has to hand over the control of a port to China, back to 2017, to help it repay the foreign loans, I wonder if you want to address the issue of the trap regarding debt that some countries can get into as a result of being involved in the initiative.
Zhang: I heard some gossip about the debt or the so-called China's debt trap. Well, I must say that debt is a global problem with a long history. The BRI is just six years old, do you think it makes sense to blame a young initiative for an old problem?
The so-called debt trap is not a suitable hat for China, nor for the BRI. No one is in a better position to tell the true story than the BRI participants themselves. Many leading officials, business communities and the general public of the BRI countries have spoken up and refuted the argument with the facts and figures. For instance, Financial Secretary of the Philippines recently stated publicly that the debts owed to China account for only 0.65% of the country's total debts. That's the truth.
Also, the BRI countries not only borrow from China, but also from other countries. It's not fair to say that someone else's money is a sweet pie while China's money is a trap.
BBC:近来中国遭到欧洲领导人的批评,比如法国总统马克龙称“欧洲不再天真”,欧中关系首先不应是经贸关系,而是地缘政治和战略关系。过去允许中国企业收购包括港口在内的欧盟基础设施是“战略性错误”。欧洲认为中国的雄心日益增长,欧中之间已超越简单的经贸合作。您作为中国驻欧盟大使,是否感到工作越来越难做了?
BBC: I wonder if you would address directly the challenge that you have as Beijing's ambassador to the European Union. Beijing has come under particular criticism by European leaders. President Macron has said that the period of European naivety is over, that the relationship between the EU and China must not be, first and foremost, of the trading one, but a geopolitical and a strategic one. And that in the past, letting Chinese companies buy up EU infrastructures such as ports has been a strategic error. This all suggests that your job is very very difficult in the context of what Europe sees your bigger ambitions beyond this being an invitation to cooperate when it comes to trade.