中国在不断加大保护知识产权的力度和惩罚侵权行为的力度。过去5年我们查办的侵权案件就有140多万件，以后还会继续加大惩罚的力度和罚金的倍数。要让侵权的人一旦犯法终身难逃，让他们在这个领域，甚至在整个市场上难以立足。

　　我们当初发展市场经济的时候就清楚地认识到，产权是市场经济的基础。现在我们发展创新型经济，知识产权更是发展的基础，它必须成为全社会共同的理念。

　　这个问题我已经说过多次了，而且我在和很多外国企业家见面的时候都请他们提出来，有哪些被侵犯知识产权的案件可以直接向我提出来，或者向我们政府部门提出来。但是可能因为有各种原因，他们在现场没有提。你刚才讲了，在下面有听到一些反映，我希望你们大胆地说出来。政府部门如果处理不当，将会被问责。这件事说一尺不如行一寸。我希望，也相信你能看到，中国在保护知识产权问题上正在不断地采取更加严格的制度和有效的行动。当然，也要各方共同努力。当然，公平、公正地进行知识产权的交易，这是符合市场规则的，世界各国都有共同的理念。像去年中国有关企业支付的外国专利许可费和技术使用费在世界居前列，可能以后还会增加，但是我们绝不允许强制转让知识产权。

While strengthening IPR protection, China has toughened punishment for acts of infringement. In the past 5 years, more than 1.4 million cases of infringement were investigated and handled. Going forward, we will mete out even more severe punishment and impose even bigger fines, so that violators will face crippling penalties and find it hard to survive in their business sectors and even in the whole marketplace.

When we started to develop the market economy, we understood that property rights are the very foundation of a market economy. Likewise, protecting IPR is fundamental to the development of our innovation-driven economy. Such an understanding must be the consensus of the whole society. I have made this clear on many occasions. During meetings with foreign business leaders, I often ask them to report cases of IPR infringements directly to me or to the relevant departments. But for various reasons, they would normally not raise such issues during meetings with me. As you just pointed out, there are still some complaints in this area. I would again encourage all of you to speak up. Mishandling of complaints on the part of competent government departments would be dealt with.

On this matter, talking the talk is not as good as walking the walk. I hope and I trust that you can see China’s redoubled efforts to build a more rigorous and effective regime of IPR protection. Naturally, cooperation with various parties would be helpful. On the other hand, just like other countries, we support fair and equitable IPR transactions based on market rules. Royalties for patents and technologies paid by Chinese companies to overseas proprietors ranked high in the world last year, and may increase further in the future. Forced IPR transfer will never be allowed in China.

　　日本国际航业集团董事长兼总裁吴文绣：我的问题是，今年3月您在“两会”上谈到要进一步减轻企业税负。7月初，全国各市级国税局、地税局合并，标志着国税地税征管体制改革顺利向纵深推进，这一举措能够促进自由竞争。未来中国政府还将出台哪些措施来持续推进税收改革，切实降低企业负担？

　　李克强：你对中国的情况比较了解。的确，在前几年经济下行压力比较大、而且财政收入下行的情况下，我们下决心实施了大规模的减税，主要是取消了实施60年的营业税，对增值税的税率也进行了调整，同时减轻中小企业的税负，鼓励企业研发，这些措施可以说取得了效果。

Sandra Wu, Chairperson and President of Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd: My question is about tax reform. During the “Two Sessions” in March, you mentioned further tax relief. And in early July, we witnessed the merge of state and local taxation bureaus, which strongly indicated smooth progress of China’s tax reform to promote free competition. And so in the future, what other measures will the Chinese government take to make sure this reform will move forward and lessen the burden on enterprises?

Premier Li: You seem to know quite a lot about what is happening in China. A few years ago, faced with considerable downward pressure on the economy and declining fiscal revenues, the Chinese government made the decision to substantially cut taxes. We abolished the business tax that had been in place for sixty years and adjusted the value added tax (VAT) rate to reduce tax burdens on small and medium-sized enterprises and encourage corporate R&D spending. These measures have paid off.

　　去年下半年到今年上半年，中国的税收出现一定幅度的增长，甚至超过GDP增速。这里我想说明，这是因为一段时间以来，中国经济稳中向好，今年上半年工业企业的利润超过15%，我们又推动“放管服”改革，促进新增企业大幅增长，平均每月增加税源约20万户，这就出现了一段时间中国的税收较快增长的情况。但我们关注的重点是减税的措施到位了没有。

　　进入下半年以来，中国从中央到地方的税收都有比较大幅度的下行，其主要原因在于5月1日我们进一步推出了增值税和有关方面的减税措施。

From the second half of last year to the first half of this year, tax revenues have increased notably and grown faster than GDP. This is mainly because of China’s steady economic performance, which has contributed to an over 15% increase in the profits of industrial companies in the first half of this year. What’s more, thanks to our reform of transforming government functions, our tax source has been expanding at a rate of 200,000 newly registered market entities every month. These factors have largely contributed to the fast increase in fiscal revenue. Given all this, our priority remains to ensure the effective delivery of tax reduction measures on the ground.