儿童权利得到充分保护。截至2016年年底，婴儿死亡率、5岁以下儿童死亡率分别下降到16.43‰、26.31‰，计划免疫接种率达90%以上。实施“春蕾计划”“儿童快乐家园”“百万家庭亲情一线牵”“重生行动——全国贫困家庭唇腭裂儿童手术康复计划”“春苗工程——新疆儿童先天性心脏病免费救治项目”等。建立流浪儿童救助保护网络体系和早期预防干预机制，在全国率先开展“接流浪儿童回家”活动，健全流浪儿童生活、教育、管理、返乡和安置保障制度，对有严重不良行为的儿童进行行为矫治。增设孤残儿童养护、流浪儿童保护和残疾儿童康复的专业服务机构。福利机构供养孤儿最低基本生活费标准由2009年的360元/月提高到2016年的900元/月。开展农村留守儿童“合力监护、相伴成长”关爱保护专项行动，加强对无人监护等重点对象的干预帮扶，力争到2017年年底将全区所有农村留守儿童纳入有效监护范围。着力完善县、乡、村三级儿童服务体系，建立面向城乡困境儿童包括强制报告、应急处置、评估帮扶、监护干预在内的救助保护机制。已有10个法院设立独立建制的综合少年审判庭，固定合议庭24个，指定专人办理未成年人案件的法院有42个，直接参与审理涉少案件的审判法官共有215人。

　　老年人权利保障机制不断健全。推进普遍性服务和个性化服务协同发展，满足多层次、多样化的健康养老需求。扩大社区养老覆盖范围，探索日间照料式养老等社区养老方式。2010年至2016年，累计投入41.77亿元建设504所养老机构，投入4.3亿元建设“失能失智”老人照料中心，投入8100万元建设老年养护院、社会福利院、乡镇服务福利中心、社区日间照料中心、农村互助幸福院等项目。制定实施政府购买养老服务、福利机构公建民营等政策。截至2016年年底，有为老服务社会组织和机构1998个，社区为老服务专兼职人员4328人，为老服务志愿者47053人。建立健全自治区、市（地、州）、县（市、区）、乡（镇、街道）、村（社区）五级老龄工作网络。

Children's rights have been fully protected. By the end of 2016, the mortality rates of infants and children under the age of five had dropped to 16.43 per thousand and 26.31 per thousand, respectively, and the EPI (endemic planned immunization) coverage rate had surpassed 90 percent. The autonomous region has carried out a series of programs, including the Spring Bud Project, Happy Homes for Children, Heng'ai Action, Reborn Action- the poor family's children with cleft lip and palate operation rehabilitation program - and the Chunmiao Project - a program that provides free medical care to children in Xinjiang who suffer from congenital heart diseases. It has established a network for the protection of homeless children and a mechanism for early prevention and intervention in this regard. It took the lead in the country to start the program of "taking street children home", by such means as improving mechanisms for the life, education, management, return, placement and security of vagabond children, and correcting some serious misbehavior. The autonomous region has established more professional service organizations for nursing and caring for the orphaned and disabled children, protecting street children, and rehabilitating disabled children. The minimum basic living standard for orphans in welfare institutions has increased from RMB360 per month in 2009 to RMB900 per month in 2016. A special project has been carried out on the joint guardianship of left-behind children in rural areas to strengthen intervention over and assistance to key individuals, especially the unsupervised, with a view of providing all rural left-behind children with effective guardianship by the end of 2017. Primary attention has been made on improving children service systems at county, township and village levels, and on building a protection and assistance mechanism incorporating compulsory reporting, emergency disposal, assessment and assistance, and guardianship and intervention. Ten courts have set up independent comprehensive juvenile tribunals, in addition to 24 fixed collegial panels and 42 courts that appoint special personnel to handle juvenile cases. There are in total 215 trial judges who are directly involved in the trial of juvenile cases in Xinjiang.

The mechanism for protecting the rights of the elderly has constantly improved. To meet the multi-level and diverse healthcare needs of the elderly, the autonomous region promotes the coordinated development of universal and customized services. It has increased coverage of community-based care for the elderly, and has explored day-care for the elderly and other ways within communities. From 2010 to 2016, Xinjiang had invested a total of RMB4.18 billion in building 504 nursing institutions for the aged, RMB430 million in building care centers for elderly people with disabilities and dementia, and RMB81 million in building nursing homes, social welfare institutes, township service and welfare centers, community day-care centers, rural elderly people's homes and other programs. It has also formulated and implemented policies whereby government purchases pension services, and welfare institutions are founded by government but operated privately. By the end of 2016, there were 1,998 social organizations and institutions, 4,328 full-time and part-time personnel, and 47,053 volunteers providing services for the aged. Xinjiang has also set up and improved an old-age network at five levels - autonomous region, city (prefecture), county (county-level city, district), township (residential district) and village (community).