宣明五气篇

Xuan Ming Wu Qi

Expounding on the Energies of Five Viscera

五味所入;酸入肝，辛入肺，苦入心，咸入肾，甘入脾，是谓五入。

When the foods of the five tastes enter into the stomach, they go into various viscera respectively according to their own preferances: sourness enters into the liver, acridness enters into the lung, bitterness enters into the heart, salty taste enters into the kidney and sweetness enters into the spleen. These are the so called the five enterings.

五气[《太素》卷六《藏府气液》作“五藏气”]所病:心为[《太素》“为”作“主”]噫，肺为咳，肝为语，脾为吞，肾为欠[《太素》“欠”下无“为嚏”二字]为嚏，胃为气逆，为哕为恐[《太素》无“为恐”二字]，大肠小肠为泄，下焦溢为水，膀胱不利为癃[《太素》无此四字]，不约为遗溺，胆为怒，是谓五病。

The syndromes of the five solid-organ energies are: when the heart-energy is depressed, one will eruct, when the lung-energy is not clear, one will cough, when the liver-energy is not dredged, one will have polylogia, when the spleen-energy fails to transport and convert, one's throat will be swallowing, when the kidney-energy is insufficient, one will yawn. The syndromes of the energies of the six hollow organs are: when the stomach-energy is not descending, it will go up adversely and one will hiccup: when the large or small intestine is ill, one will have diarrhea; when the body fluid of the lower warmer flooded into the skin, one will have edema, when the energy of the bladder is not being converted, one will have dysuria, when it is out of control, one will have enuresis, when the energy of gallbladder is ill one will apt to get angery. These are the disease of the five solid organs and the six hollow organs.

五精所并[《太素》“五精所并”作“五并”]:精气并于心则喜，并于肺则悲，并于肝则忧[张琦说:“忧”当作“怒”]，并于脾则畏[疑当作思]，并于肾则恐，是谓五并，虚而相并者也。

When the refined energies of the five solid organs being merged into one organ, the organ's energy will become sthenic and disease will occur: when the refined energy is merged into the heart, the heart-energy will have a surplus and one will desire for laughing; when it is merged into the lung, the lung-energy will have a surplus and one will become sorrowful; when it is merged into the liver, the liver-energy will become partial overabundant to restrict the spleen and one will be angry; when it is merged into the spleen, the spleen-energy will become partial overabundant and restrict the kidney and one will have anxiety; when it is merged into the kidney, the kidney-energy will have a surplus and one will be terrified.

These are the so called five mergings.

五藏所恶[《太素》作“五恶”]:心恶热，肺恶寒，肝恶风，脾恶湿，肾恶燥，是谓五恶[《太素》作“此五藏气所恶”]。

The five solid organs have their detestations respectively: the heart is apt to become ill when it is hot so as to hurt the Yin blood, so the heart detests the hotness; the lung is apt to become ill when it is cold so as to obstruct the energy, so, the lung detests the cold; the liver is apt to become ill when invaded by wind to cause the contracture of the tendon, so liver detests the wind; the spleen is apt to become ill when it is wet to cause the swelling of the muscle, so the spleen detests wetness; the kidney is apt to become ill when it is dry to cause the exhaustion of the Yin essence, so the kidney detests dryness, These are the so called detestations of the five solid organs.

五藏化液[《太素》作“五液”]:心为汗[《太素》“为”作“主”下同]，肺为涕，肝为泪，脾为诞，肾为唾，是谓五液[《太素》作“此五液所生”]。

The secretions from the five solid organs are: the heart takes charge of the blood, and sweat is transformed from the blood, so sweat is the secretion of heart; the nose is the orifice of the lung, and nasal discharge is from the nose, so nasal discharge is the secretion of lung; the eyes are the orifices of the liver, and tears are from the eyes, so tears are the secretion of liver; the mouth is the orifice of spleen and serous saliva is from the mouth, so serous saliva is the secretion of spleen. The pulse of Foot Shaoyin is under the tongue, the mucous saliva is from beneath the tongue, so mucous saliva is the secretion of kidney. These are the five kinds of secretionsconverted and produced from the five solid organs.

五味所禁:辛走气，气病无多食辛[《太素》作“病在气无食辛”，下血、骨、肉、筋句法同];咸[《太素》“咸”作“苦”]走血，血病无多食咸;苦[《太素》“苦”作“威”]走骨，骨病无多食苦;甘走肉，肉病无多食甘;酸走筋，筋病无多食酸。是谓五禁，无令多食[《医说》引无“无令多食”四字]。

The five kinds of tastes are contraindicated to certain diseases of the five solid organs respectively: the acrid taste affects the energy, so in diseases of energy, one must not take plenty of acrid food; the bitter taste affects the blood, so in diseases of blood, one must not take plenty of bitter food; the salty taste affects the bone, so in diseases of bone, one must not take planty of salty food; the sweet taste affects the muscle, so in the diseases of muscle, one must not take plenty of sweet food; the sour taste affects the tendon, so in diseases of tenden, one must not take plenty of sour food. These are the five kinds of tastes which should be contraindicated.