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7) The volcano has not been active for thousands of years. It is inactive.
这座火山有几千年没有爆发了,它是座死火山„
8) While we are tapping new sources of energy the developed countries must not continue to use up the old energy sources waslefully.
在开发新能源的同时,发达国家不能继续滥用现有的能源了。
9) The US Navy,at least some sectors of it,(such as the USMC) has never felt quite comfortable with the performance of the weapon.
美国海军,至少是其某些兵种(如陆战队),从未对这种武器的性能满意过。
10) Inoculation is a way of deliberately giving a person a disease by placing deseased matter under the skin. When this is done, the person may develop a mild case of the disease.
预防接种就是通过在皮下置入病菌而有意识地使人患病的方法;接种之后,人就会轻微患病。
11) Though the ideal cure for noise is to stop it at its source, this may in many cases be impossible.
控制噪音的理想方法是消除噪音源,但这在许多情况下是不可能的。
从以上十多个译例中不难发现,不少词在译文中的词义是词典中査不到的,那么,这是不是想、当然的、自由主义的乱译呢?不是的,因为译文符合事理,和原文的思想内容完全一致,可以设想,如果这些词一律死抠词典释义译出,就会失之偏颇、失之肤浅,译文也必不通顺。所谓“一字之失,全句为之蹉跎”,就是指这种情况而言的。 如果同一个词在一句中重复出现(即使词类不变),同样也要按照上述原则选择出各自的具体含义,试看以下几例。
12) Upon target impact, the impact switch closes and produces a fire signal.
一旦命中目标,碰炸开关即接通并产生点火信号。
13) Chemistry has brought about enormous improvements in farm methods and farm products.
化学使耕作方法和农产品有了巨大的改进。