译学理论的发展具体表现为以下几项重要任务的科学化建设：

（一）科学化的语言观

结构主义的同质语观有很大的局限。索绪尔、布隆菲尔德和乔姆斯基有其历史功绩，但语言史如同文明一样，不是“伟大人物”的传记或“功名录”。二十世纪后半期语言学发展的障碍或多或少应归咎于语言学家对个别历史人物学术功绩的盲目跟从(即“偶像崇拜”）。译学发展既需要同质语言观的指引，又需要异质语言观的鉴别、补充和修正。偏废、偏颇、偏激都不是理性的科学态度，遑论偶像崇拜。笛卡儿在论及洗涤盲从之翳时说非理性的情感化是科学之敌：

Method makes mind matter: "... it is far better never to think about doing research into the truth of anything than to do so without method: for it is most certain that by means of such disordered studies and obscure meditations the natural light is confounded and the mind is blinded.." What is "method"? “By method... I understand certain and easy rules, such that one who has followed them exactly will never suppose anything false to be true, and not having uselessly wasted any effort of the mind, but always gradually increasing knowledge, will arrive at the true cognition of all those things of which one will be capable." The taut thought taught here is that philosophizing is a methodical, that is, rule-governed, activity. And rules represent rational rigor. For feelings are fallible. Enthusiasm is not evidence. Evidence is not a feeling. Emotion is not epistemic justification. Thus the method is best defined by means of rules.

（二）科学化的意义观

我们需要更严谨、更周详、更系统、更深人的意义观理论探索和描写（包括理论描写和典型实例描写）。意义问题非常复杂。双语转换中的意义问题尤其复杂，牵涉的问题个个都是不易解决的。

下面是意义的次范畴问题：

(1）意义的结构（或维度如概念的、情境的、文化的、审美的等等）问题

(2）意义和意向性

(3）意义的历时演变（包括历时转化、消失、增生）和共时运用

(4）含蓄义问题（内涵意义vs.外延意义）

(5）语义结构和句法结构

(6)  意义的意向参与及表现式问题（“语义内容+意向”vs.“表现形式”）

(7）意义的确定性与模糊性

(8）形、音、义的三维审视(美学提升为“形美、音美、意美”的三维审视）；形式的本体论意义和认识论意义

可以肯定，随着翻译实践和研究的深人和系统化，还会有更多的有关意义的课题涌现。

（三）科学化的文本观

科学的文本观首先必须回答一个问题：“文本是不是只有一个正确的解释”(“interpretation,”P.D.Juhl:1986)。Juhl提出这个问题时说：

It is prima facie(乍看之下)quite conceivable that of the incompatible interpretations provided for a work only one is correct.Thus Culler and Margolis (两位西方当代文论家）are not just saying that literary works are frequently construed in a number of incompatible ways. Rather, they are claiming that incompatible interpretations may be "true" of the same work or, to put it another way, that we would be prepared to allow that if a work has a certain meaning x. it might also have another meaning y which is logically incompatible withx.(中文说明为作者所加）