九、国家对新疆的支持与帮助

　　中国共产党和中国政府始终高度重视新疆的发展，不断加大对新疆的支持与帮助力度。60年来，国家对新疆的财政补助合计16918亿元。在不同时期，国家和各兄弟省区市采取不同方式援建新疆，成为推动新疆经济社会发展的强劲动力。

　　国家支持奠定新疆发展基础。自治区成立至改革开放前，国家通过分配、调动和鼓励内地知识分子和专业技术人员到新疆工作，号召内地青壮年、城市知识青年、工人支援边疆建设，鼓励和安置复转军人留在新疆，铸就了一代艰苦创业、扎根边疆的建设者，为新疆的经济社会发展、屯垦戍边和国防安全做出了巨大贡献。国家实施“核定收支，总额计算，多余上缴，不足补助，一年一定”以及提高民族地区财政预备费的设置比例、对民族贸易企业实行优惠政策等措施，通过设立少数民族地区教育特殊补助经费、民族地区补助费等各种专项资金，支持新疆加快发展。1955—1978年，国家累计补助新疆71.9亿元。通过大量投资促进新疆基础设施建设，完成了兰新铁路、克拉玛依油田、塔里木油田等重大基础设施及工业项目。

IX. State Support and Assistance to Xinjiang

The CPC and the Chinese government have always attached great importance to the development of Xinjiang, and have continuously increased their support and assistance. Over the past 60 years, the state's financial grants to Xinjiang totaled almost RMB1.7 trillion. The state and other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government have at different times provided support to Xinjiang in various forms, acting as a strong driving force to boost the region's economic and social development.

State support has laid the foundation for Xinjiang's development. From the founding of the autonomous region to the launch of the reform and opening-up drive, the state had, by way of job allocation and job transfer, encouraged intellectuals and technical professionals to go to work in Xinjiang, called on young adults, urban educated youth and workers in inland areas of the country to support frontier development and encouraged demobilized service people to stay in Xinjiang and assigned them jobs there, thus fostering a generation of builders who have been hard-working and pioneering and took roots in the border areas. They have made an invaluable contribution to Xinjiang's economic and social development, to the cultivation and defense of the border regions as well as national security.

The state has supported Xinjiang to boost its development by adopting quite a number of measures, such as checking and ratifying on a yearly basis its balance of total revenues and expenditures, and turning in to the state the surplus while having the deficiency to be made up by the central budget; raising the proportion of budget reserves for ethnic minority areas; implementing preferential policies for ethnic trade companies; and establishing various special funds like special allowance funds of education for ethnic minority areas, and ethnic minority area allowances. From 1955 to 1978, the state subsidized Xinjiang with RMB7.19 billion accumulatively. With hefty state funds, many major infrastructure and other industrial projects in the region have been completed, including the Lanzhou-Urumqi Railway and the Karamay and Tarim oilfields.