1996年，国家以选派援疆干部模式专门援助新疆发展，至2014年，共选派8批11000多名干部、人才到新疆工作。2004年启动“博士服务团”选派工作，至2014年共选派11批81名博士到新疆工作。国家还实施了一系列人才培养政策：选派少数民族干部到中央国家机关和经济相对发达地区挂职锻炼，开办内地高校新疆班、内地新疆高中班，实施“少数民族高层次骨干人才计划”和“西部之光”访问学者培养计划，对民族地区高等学校和民族院校学位授权点的建设和研究生招生规模等给予特殊政策扶持等。

　　新一轮对口援疆成效显著。2010年3月，第一次全国对口援疆工作会议召开，中央决定全国19个省市以全覆盖方式对口支援新疆12个地(州)的82个县(市)以及兵团12个师。国家出台一系列特殊政策支持新疆发展：2015年1月1日起，新疆煤炭资源税实行从价计征，税率确定为6%；将新疆确定为重要的国家级综合能源基地，全面提升新疆能源资源的清洁、高效开发与转化利用水平；对援疆干部和人才在管理权限与方式、选派与轮换等8方面做出具体规定；对属于《新疆困难地区重点鼓励发展产业企业所得税优惠目录(试行)》的企业实行企业所得税“两免三减半”政策；对喀什、霍尔果斯两个经济开发区提出10个方面的扶持政策；对新疆12个产业实施差别化产业政策等。

In 1996, the state began to extend support to Xinjiang's development by way of selecting and sending officials to work in Xinjiang. By 2014, it had sent eight complements numbering more than 11,000 officials and professionals. In 2004, a new initiative involved sending qualified professionals with doctor's degrees to work in the region. By 2014, 11 groups of 81 persons with doctor's degrees had gone and worked in the autonomous region through this project.

The state has also implemented a number of other talent training policies, such as selecting and appointing officials of ethnic minority origins to temporary posts in central government offices or in areas with better developed economy to get training; holding Xinjiang classes in inland higher-learning institutions and senior high schools; implementing such programs as the "Program for High-Caliber Personnel from Ethnic Minorities" and "Light of the West" for the training of visiting scholars; and giving special policy support to the development of higher-learning institutions located in the ethnic minority areas or the master's and doctor's degree granting centers of ethnic colleges and universities in terms of graduate enrollment size, etc.

The new round of pairing-assistance has yielded notable results. The First National Meeting on Pairing-Assistance to Xinjiang was held in March 2010. At the meeting, the central authorities decided to pair off 19 provinces and municipalities directly under the central government with 82 counties (cities) in 12 prefectures in Xinjiang and the 12 divisions of the XPCC to render support to the latter.

Moreover, the state has adopted a number of special policies to support Xinjiang's development, and these include: as of January 1,2015, ad valorem collection has been implemented for coal resources tax in Xinjiang at a rate of 6 percent; Xinjiang has been designated a key state-class comprehensive energy base and all-round efforts are called to improve the clean and efficient development, conversion and utilization of Xinjiang's energy resources; specific provisions have been made in eight aspects concerning officials and professionals coming to support Xinjiang's development, such as the scope and form of management authority, selection and rotation; a policy has been adopted to grant a two-year income tax exemption and three-year half pay for Xinjiang's enterprises listed in the "Catalog of Industries and Enterprises Enjoying Income Tax Preferences and Whose Development in Areas with Difficulties of Xinjiang (Trial)"; a policy covering 10 aspects of support to the two economic development zones in Kashi and Khorgos has been adopted; and differentiated industrial policies have been implemented for Xinjiang's 12 main industries.