诊病之始，五决为纪，欲知其始，先建其母。所谓五决者，五脉也。

At the beginning of the diagnosis, one should take the five determinations as the outline, When treating the disease, one must know which viscera the disease comes from, and investigates the condition of the stomach-energy of the said viscera. If the stomach-energy of a certain viscera is deficient, one should set up its stomach-energy which is the mother of all

other viscera energies first (earth is the mother of all things, and stomach associates with earth). The so called five determinations are actually the pulse conditions of the five viscera.

是以头痛巅疾，下虚上实，过在足少阴、巨阳，甚则入肾。徇蒙招尤[《妇人良方》“尤”并作“摇”)，目冥耳聋，下实上虚，过在足少阳、厥阴，甚则入肝。腹满膜胀，支鬲胠[《太素》“胠”下无“胁”字]胁，下厥[《甲乙》“厥”作“病”]上冒，过在足太阴、阳明。咳嗽上气，厥在胸中[《甲乙》作“胸中痛”]，过在手阳明、太阴。心烦头痛，病在鬲中[病在鬲中:《甲乙》作“支满，腰脊相引而痛”]。过在手巨阳、少阴

Headache and other disease on head belong to the category of asthenia of healthy-energy in the lower part and sthenia of evil-energy in the upper, the disease is in the Foot Shaoyin and Taiyang channels, if the disease turns to the worse, it will be transmitted into the kidney. Presbyopia with shaking head when the attack is acute, or dim-sighted in eyes and deafness in ears when protracted, it belongs to the category of sthenia of the lower part and asthenia in the upper, the disease is in the Foot Shaoyang and Jueyin channels, if the disease turns to the worse, it will be transmitted into the liver.  When one has fullness and intension of the abdomen and his armpits like being propped, feels cold in the lower part of the body and feels dizzy in the upper, the disease is in the Foot Taiyin and Yangming channels. When ones has cough with rapid respiration and feeling sick in the chest, the disease is in the Hand Yangming and Taiyin channels. When one has pain in the chest, and pain along the spinal column like tearing, the disease is in the Hand Taiyang and Shaoyin channels.

夫脉之小大滑涩浮沉，可以指别;五藏之象，可以类推;五藏相音，可以意识;五色微诊可以目察。能合脉色，可以万全。赤，脉之至也，喘而坚，诊曰[《太素》“曰”作“之”]有[《甲乙》“有”作“为”]积气在中，时害于食，名曰心痹，得之外疾[能琦说:“外疾二字是衍文”]思虑而心虚，故邪从之。白，脉之至也，喘而浮，上虚下实，惊[按:“惊”字误窜，似应在“喘而虚”句下]，有积气在胸中，喘而虚，名曰肺痹，寒热，得之醉而使内也。青，脉之至也，长而[《甲乙》“而”下有“弦”字]左右弹，有积气在心下支胠，名曰肝痹，得之寒湿，与疝同法，腰痛足清头痛。黄，脉之至也，大而虚，有积气在腹中，有厥气，名曰厥疝，女子同法，得之疾使(《中藏经》无“疾使”二字]四支汗出当风。黑，脉之至也，上[按:“上”字误，应为“下”]坚而大，有积气在小腹与阴，名曰肾痹，得之沐浴清水而卧。

The pulse in the condition of weak, strong, slippery, choppy, floating or sunken, can be distinguished by the palpation of the fingers, The energies and phenomena of the five viscera, can be inferred by analogy. The sound responded by the five viscera, can be conceived mentally and analysable. Although the five colours are exquisite to differentiate, yet they can be observed by eyes. If one combines the methods of applying the colour and pulse condition, he can absolutely be certain about his diagnosis.

If the patient's complexion appears to be red, the pulse is rapid and full, it is, according to diagnosis, the evil-energy stagnates in the abdomen, and will often hinder the food and drink, this kind of disease is called the cardiac bi-syndrome; it is due to the heart-energy being hurt by the worriness, and the evil-energy takes advantage of its debility to invade.

If the patient's complexion appears to be white, and the pulse is rapid and floating, it is because the lung is asthenic, and the heart-fire is sthenic, as the heart is under the lung, so, it is asthenia in the upper part and sthenia in the lower. When the heart-fire is over-abundant, the mind will be distracted to cause fright. The disease is called lung bi-syndrome, which is caused by cold and heat and the conducting sex intercourse after being drunken.

If the patient's complexion appears to be green, and the pulse is long and over-flowing, and ficks the fingers in the left and right sides, it shows there is coldes of te liver which causes the evil-energy stagnates under the heart propping the armpits, the disease is called the hepatic bi-syndrome, and is caused by cold-wetness which is the same case of causing hernia. Besides, the syndromes of lumbago, cold feet and headache will also occur.

If the patient's complexion appears to be yellow, the pulse is heavy but empty, it is the evil-energy stagnated in the abdomen and the patient feels the adverseness of the vital energy. As hernia belongs to the disease of liver, and wood restricts earth,the disease relates to liver, so, it is called hernia syncope instead of spleen bi-syndrome. For a woman, when she is contracted with the hernia syncope of adverseness of vital energy with pain, it is caused by the invasion of wind-evil after perspiration when the four limbs are fatigue.

If the patient's complexion appears to be black, the pulse is firm and heavy, it is the evil-energy being stagnated in the lower abdomen and the external genital organ or the external urethral orifice, and it is called the kidney bi-syndromes the disease is caused by sleeping immediately after a cold bath.

凡相五色之奇脉[《千金翼方》无“之奇脉”]，面黄目青，面黄目赤，面黄目白，面黄目黑者，皆不死也。面青目赤，面赤目白，面青目黑，面黑目白，面赤目青，皆死也。

In observing the five colours of the complexion, when it appears to be yellow, which is the outer appearance of the stomach-energy, the patient will survive, such as yellow face with green eyes, yellow face with red eyes, yellow face with white eyes, or yellow face with black eyes, they are all not the symtoms of death. When the patient's complexion is green

with red eyes, red with white eyes , green with black eyes, black with white eyes , and red with green eyes, it shows the stomach energy has been exhausted, so, they all are the symtoms of death.

责任编辑：admin