二、同位语

译入括号的同位语大多系非限制性同位语。

Gasoline fires should be smothered with sand or with chemicals of some kind,such as those used in some fire extinguishers.

汽油着火应当用沙子或某种化学药品（如某些灭火器中使用的化学药品）来扑灭。

The biosphere, the sphere of life, is probably not so familiar to us as the three physical zones.

我们对生物圈（即生命圈）可能不像对前三个自然带那样熟悉。

有时，除同位语外，尚含其他成分。如：

I remember going to the British Museum one day to read up the treatment for some slight ailment of which I had a touch—hay fever, I fancy it was.

记得有一天我去大英博物馆，专门去查阅我曾患的小毛病（我想是枯草病）的治疗方法。

三、状语

状语从句（可以是条件、让步、方式及时间等状语从句）

On some days the air contains almost, if not quite, as much water vapour as it can hold.

有时候，空气含有差不多（如果不是全部的话）它所能容纳的那么多水蒸汽。（也有将这种状语称作插人语的）

Vehicles are usually driven through the agency of the friction between the wheel and the fixed surface,be it rail or road. 

车辆通常是通过轮子和固定表面（不论是铁轨还是公路）之间的摩擦作用而行驶的。

And so with the sunshine and the great bursts of leaves growing on the trees, just as things grow in fast movies, I had that familiar

conviction that life was beginning over again with the summer.

于是，由于阳光明媚，由于树上的枝叶生长茂盛（犹如快速电影镜头中万物的生长一样），我领悟出那种众所习知的信念：随着夏季的来临，生活重又开始了。

As there are 100 of these power surges every second when an A. G. supply with a frequency of 50 c/s is used, they are, in fact, too

rapid for us to notice.

因为每秒钟有100个这种功率波峰（当使用50周/秒频率的交流电源时），所以事实上它们快得使我们不能觉察。

四、插入语

1.前后有破折号的插入语

Even the simplest operation—the removal of a single joint of a finger,the lancing of an abscess—would prove fatal.

就连最简单的手术（切除一个手指关节，刺破一个脓疮）结果也可能是致命的。

2. 前后有逗号的插入语

If the tickets are $ 2. 00 each, you could make a table, as illustrated in Table I, to compare the number of tickets sold and the

amount of money that should be collected.

如果每张票售价两元，你可列一个表（如表I所示），将售出的票数和应当收得的钱数相对照。

但我们要注意的是，过多地运用括号翻译也不好。不用括号能译得通顺的，括号还是不用为好，因为它多少影响到句子的通顺。同时我们应当看到，括号翻译多用于句子的修饰、附加及补充成分，而基本成分（即主语、谓语、宾语和表语等）一般不用括号。

责任编辑：admin