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英语中表示“患病”的说法很多,因此“患”字也就有许多译法。一般常用的译法有:have, suffer from, be ill with, be sick with, get, contract。下面就以上几种译法分别作一简单介绍。
一、have
have是表达“患病”概念最常用的译法之一,也是最通俗的说法,多用于口语中。例如:
1. According to your history, physical examination and laboratory tests,you have an acute pancreatitis.
根据你的病史、体检和实验室化验,你患的是急性胰腺炎。
2. As I remember, my brother and sister both had severe asthmatic attacks in their childhood.
我记得,我弟弟和妹妹童年时都患过严重的哮喘病。
二、suffer from
suffer from也常用来表示“患病”的概念,特别在医生与病人的交谈中用得比较多,通常多用于进行时态。例如:
3. It shows he's most likely suffering from infection mononucleosis.
这说明,他很可能患了传染性单核细胞增多症。
4. She was suffering from heart disease and would feel faint at the slightest physical exertion.
她患有心脏病,稍一做体力活就感到头晕。
当然,suffer from也可用于其他时态。例如:
5. His maternal uncles have suffered from migraines for a number of years.
他的舅舅们患偏头痛有好多年了。
三、(be) ill with
一般多用于英国英语。例如:
6.The patient is ill with influenza.
病人患流行性感冒。