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陶瓷行业术语中“青”的英译

发布时间: 2022-08-03 09:23:28   作者:etogether.net   来源: 网络   浏览次数:


(4)其青白盏,斗试家不用。(《陶说》)

a. Blue and white cups are not used by those who give tea-tasting parties. (Bushell, 1910 : 124)

b. Greenish white cups are not used by those who give tea-tasting parties.

对于目前学界还没有较为统一的译名,甚至不时出现错译、误译的术语,我们主张视情况采取不同的翻译策略。如:


(5)镇瓷,在唐、宋不闻有彩器,元、明来则多青花,或仿他处青瓷矣,然非今之所谓青也。今俗又以器之上品者为青,如呼头青、提青、三色青之类,昔只以上色、次色、三色分之。(《景德镇陶录》)

英译:We hear nothing about multi-colored ware at Jingdezhen during Tang and Song times. When we come to Yuan and Ming it is mostly blue and whites or imitations of celadon from elsewhere. The color is, however, not what we call qing today. Today the vulgar also think that the better vessels are the qing ones such as so-called the first class, the second class, and the third class. In the past the only subdivisions were "superior color", "second e"plor" , and "third color".


根据语境,“头青”、“提青”、“三色青”中的“青”既非青花之青亦非青瓷之青,甚至并非单指某种颜色(如蓝色或绿色),否则就不会有“三色青”之说。实际上,“头青”、“提青”、“三色青”为清代景德镇民间根据“依色辨品”的传统对瓷器品质等级的分类,属地方性行业术语,在陶瓷典籍中出现的次数很少,与整个陶瓷行业术语体系关系不大。因此,我们可采取意译策略,将它们普通词语化,仅译出当前语境中的确切意义(the first class,the second class, and the third class )。


对于一些在陶瓷典籍中反复出现的术语,我们主张采取音译或“音译+阐释”策略,因为:1)“青”为中国陶瓷典籍的核心概念之一,对构建中国陶瓷术语体系至关重要;2)这些术语中“青”表达的颜色飘忽不定,有时甚至与颜色无关(如“青窑”),无法用英语中某个词来概括其义,用音译法翻译这些术语(或其中的“青”)可最大程度保证陶瓷术语翻译的系统性、准确性、可读性和透明性的辩证统一。如:


(6)青窑溜火对日,紧火一日夜。(《陶说》)

a. For the blue furnace a gentle fire was kept up for two days, a fierce fire for twenty-four hours. (Bushell, 1910:76)

b. For the qing furnace which bakes small pieces a gentle fire was kept up for two days, a fierce fire for twenty-four hours.


(7)……后因青窑数少,龙缸窑空闲,将大龙缸窑改砌青窑十六座……(《景德镇陶录》)

a...afterwards because the blue/green kilns were too few and the dragon jar kilns were standing empty they converted sixteen of the dragon jar great kilns in to blue/green kilns... ( Sayer, 1951 : 11 )

b...afterwards because the qing kilns which bake small pieces were too few and the dragon jar kilns were standing empty they converted sixteen of the dragon jar great kilns into qing kilns...


“青窑”是《陶说》、《景德镇陶录》、《匋雅》等典籍中重要术语,指明代烧小器的瓷窑,其中“青”与颜色无关,将其译为the blue furnace(6a)或者the blue/green kiln(7a) 都是误译。采用音译策略,将“青窑”译为qing furnace/kiln,有利于向西方传播中国陶瓷文化的核心概念,从而保证陶瓷术语翻译的系统性,同时为了弥补音译对术语翻译准确性和透明性的损失,我们可以在典籍中首次出现时对其内涵加以阐释(which bakes small pieces )。


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