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简约的技巧是指同传译员在不影响原文主要信息传达的基础上,对原文中出现的无法用目的语处理的材料或原文中出现技术性较强的材料,在直接译入到目的语中很难被目的语听众所理解的情况下而采取简化语言形式的一种翻译技巧。通过省略一些原语中可有可无或者有违目的语表达习惯的结构,既可以争取到宝贵的口译时间,又可以使译语更加通畅自然。具体而言,简约可以被总结为以下几种情况:
(1)在英译汉时,省略介词、连词、冠词等虚词不译。如:
China boasts a huge and great demand for development, (while) Japan enjoys advanced science and technology as well as enormous material strength, (while) have together contributed to the strong economic complementarity between the two countries.
中国拥有广大的市场和发展需求,日本拥有先进的科学技术和巨大的物质力量,形成了很强的经济互补性,存在于两国间。
(2)在汉译英时、省略重复冗余的修辞性表达,如:
任何人不得将个人利益置于国家(利益)和社会(利益)之上。
Nobody shall place his own interests above those of the state and the society.
(3)省略物主代词、人称代词不译,如:
If (we) persist in our reform,(we) will be able to turn (our) ideals into reality.只要坚持变革创新,理想就能变为现实。
(4)在时间有限的情况下,省略次要的信息不译。如:
我们应该牢牢把握中美关系的大局,妥善解决分歧,不断(朝着)增进了解、(扩大共识)、发展合作、(共创未来)的(目标前进)。
We should take a firm hold of the overall interests of Sino-US relations and settle our differences properly so as to promote mutual understanding and develop cooperation and a better future.