Five Q&As on What is Happening in Hong Kong 

By H.E. Zheng Zhuqiang, Chinese Ambassador to Uganda

　　2019年8月25日，乌干达《新愿景报》全文刊登了驻乌干达大使郑竹强署名文章《香港怎么了？——关于香港事态的五问五答》。

　　文章全面介绍了中国中央政府在香港实行“一国两制”的历史原因与香港特区政府修订《逃犯条例》和《刑事事宜相互法律协助条例》的背景情况。着重阐明当前香港事态是暴力活动而绝非和平游行；是香港反对派企图颠覆特区合法政府、挑战中央政府权威、动摇香港“一国两制”的宪制根基；是外国干预势力粗暴干涉中国内政、香港事务，企图把香港作为一枚棋子，牵制和遏制中华民族伟大复兴。严正指出香港是中国的香港，香港事务是中国内政，绝不容外国插手。奉劝某些外国势力，收回幕后黑手，不要误判形势，在错误的道路上越走越远，否则必将搬起石头砸自己的脚。全文如下：

　　乌干达素有“非洲明珠”美誉。无独有偶，在世界的另一个地方，有一座城市也被称为“明珠”——“东方明珠”，那就是香港。作为中国的一个特别行政区，香港是重要的国际金融、贸易、航运中心和国际创新科技中心，是全球最自由经济体和最具竞争力城市之一，也是中西方文化交融之地。但近期，围绕香港特区政府拟修订《逃犯条例》和《刑事事宜相互法律协助条例》，香港发生了一系列游行示威活动和暴力事件，引起国际社会广泛关注。许多乌干达朋友也密切关注香港近期事态发展，纷纷询问“香港怎么了”。我愿借此机会和大家聊聊关于香港的几个问题。

Uganda is known as the "Pearl of Africa". As a coincidence, there's another place -- a city -- in the world that enjoys the reputation as the "Pearl"-the "Pearl of the Orient". That is Hong Kong. As a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China, Hong Kong is not only an important international financial, trade, shipping hub and international innovation and science/technology center, but also one of the freest economies and most competitive cities in the world. It's a unique place where the Chinese and West cultures come together.

Recently, however, against the backdrop of the Hong Kong SAR Government's proposed amendment bills to the Fugitive Offenders Ordinance and the Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Ordinance, a series of demonstrations and violent incidents that took place in Hong Kong caused broad concern in the international community. Many friends in Uganda also closely follow the recent development of the situation in Hong Kong and wonder "what is happening in Hong Kong?" I would like to take on this question from the following perspectives.

　　一、中国中央政府为什么在香港实行“一国两制”？

　　香港自古以来就是中国领土。1840年，英国凭借坚船利炮发动鸦片战争侵略中国，其后，英国于1842年通过与中国清朝政府签订不平等条约，强迫清政府割让香港，并自那时起对香港进行了长达150多年的殖民统治。1949年中华人民共和国成立后，中国政府同英国政府通过谈判签署了《中英联合声明》，中国于1997年7月1日恢复对香港行使主权，香港回归祖国怀抱。为照顾香港人民长期在资本主义制度下形成的思想、道德、生活方式差异，中国政府决定在香港实行“一国两制，港人治港，高度自治”，成立了香港特别行政区，中国中央政府依照宪法和香港特区基本法对香港实行管治。香港享有除国防和外交事务以外的高度自治权，保持原有资本主义制度和生活方式50年不变，包括英国在内的其他国家对回归后的香港无主权、无治权、无监督权。

I. Why has the Chinese Central Government implemented the policy of "One country, Two systems" in Hong Kong?

Hong Kong has been a Chinese territory since ancient times. In 1840, the United Kingdom started the Opium War and invaded China by their advanced military strength. Subsequently, in 1842, the United Kingdom forced the Government of Qing Dynasty of China into signing an unequal treaty, forcing the latter to cede Hong Kong. Since then, the United Kingdom had ruled Hong Kong as a colony for over 150 years by subsequently forcing the Qing Dynasty into signing a series of unequal treaties. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the Chinese Government and the British Government negotiated and signed the Sino-British Joint Declaration, and on 1 July 1997, China resumed her sovereignty over Hong Kong, and Hong Kong returned to the embrace of her motherland. Considering the already existing ideological, moral and lifestyle differences that the people in Hong Kong had formed under the capitalist system for the long period of time, the Chinese Central Government decided to set up the Hong Kong SAR and implement the policy of "One country, Two systems, Hong Kong People Governing Hong Kong with a High Degree of Autonomy" in the SAR. The Chinese Central Government governs Hong Kong in accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong SAR, while Hong Kong enjoys a high degree of autonomy, except only for issues relating to national defense and foreign affairs, keeping the existing capitalist system and way of life unchanged for 50 years. Other countries, including the United Kingdom, have no sovereignty, no power to rule, no power to supervise over Hong Kong after her return.