主要领域

    中国对外援助项目主要分布在农业、工业、经济基础设施、公共设施、教育、医疗卫生等领域，重点帮助受援国提高工农业生产能力，增强经济和社会发展基础，改善基础教育和医疗状况。近年来，应对气候变化成为中国对外援助的一个新领域。

    农业

    中国将促进发展中国家的农业和农村发展、减轻贫困作为对外援助的优先领域。农业援助内容主要包括：建设农场、农业技术示范中心、农业技术试验站和推广站，兴建农田水利工程，提供农机具、农产品加工设备和相关农用物资，派遣农业技术人员和高级农业专家传授农业生产技术和提供农业发展咨询，为受援国培训农业人才等。中国援建的农业项目促进了受援国农业生产的发展，增加了粮食和经济作物的产量，并为发展轻工业提供了原料。中国派遣援外农业专家帮助几内亚比绍建立11个水稻生产示范点，示范种植面积2000公顷，繁育良种530吨，推广面积3530公顷，其中多个品种增产3倍以上。2008年，中方农业专家获得几内亚比绍农业部颁发的科技进步一等奖。援助马达加斯加杂交水稻开发示范中心试种34个中国杂交水稻品种，平均产量为每公顷8吨以上，相当于该国水稻平均产量的2倍至3倍。20世纪60年代，中国帮助马里试种甘蔗取得成功后，又进一步帮助该国建立甘蔗农场和糖厂，开创了马里自产食糖的历史。目前，由中国援建的2个甘蔗农场和2个糖厂组成的马里制糖联合企业在马里国民经济中发挥着重要作用。中国于20世纪80年代援建的突尼斯麦热尔德—崩角水渠实现了突尼斯农业灌溉的西水东调，为崩角地区农业的发展奠定了坚实基础。

Major Fields

China’s foreign aid projects are oriented to agriculture, industry, economic infrastructure, public facilities, education, and medical and health care, with the focus on improving recipient countries’ indus-trial and agricultural productivity, laying a solid foundation for their economic and social development, and improving basic education and health care. In recent years, coping with climate change has become a new area in China’s foreign aid.

Agriculture

China makes agriculture, rural development and poverty reduc-tion in developing countries priorities of its foreign aid. The agricultural aid mainly covers building farms, agro-technology demonstration centers, and experiment and promotion stations of agro-technology; constructing farmland irrigation and water-conservancy projects; supplying agricultural machinery and implements, farm produce processing equipment and related agricultural materials; dispatching agro-technicians and senior agricultural experts to pass on agricultural production technologies and provide consultations on rural development, and training agricultural personnel for recipient countries. Agricultural projects aided by China have promoted agricultural development in recipient countries, increased their output of grain and cash crops, and provided raw materials for the development of their light industry. In Guinea-Bissau, Chinese agricultural experts helped build 11 demonstration areas for paddy rice, with a total growing area of 2,000 ha. They bred 530 tons of fine strains of rice, which were planted in areas totaling 3,530 ha. Several of the rice strains produced an output three times or more than the original output. In 2008, the Chinese agricultural experts were awarded first prize for scientific and tech-nological progress by the Agricultural Department of Guinea-Bissau. Chinese experts assisted in the operation of a hybrid rice development and demonstration center in Madagascar, where 34 strains of Chinese hybrid paddy rice were grown, with average per-ha. output of eight tons, about two to three times the average output of local paddy rice. In the 1960s and 1970s, after succeeding in helping Mali grow sugarcane, China went on to help the country establish sugarcane farm and sugar mills, enabling Mali to grow and process sugar by itself for the first time ever. This sugar-making corporation is playing an important role in Mali’s economy. In the 1980s, China helped Tunisia construct the Medzerdah-Cap Bon Canal, which enabled the transfer of water from west to east for farmland irrigation, laying a solid foundation for agricultural development in Tunisia.