紧急人道主义援助

    紧急人道主义援助是指中国在有关国家和地区遭受各种严重自然灾害或人道主义灾难的情况下，主动或应受灾国要求提供紧急救援物资、现汇或派出救援人员，以减轻灾区人民生命财产损失，帮助受灾国应对灾害造成的困难局面。

    多年来，中国积极参与对外紧急救援行动，并在国际紧急人道主义救援事业中发挥着越来越重要的作用。为使救援行动更加快速有效，中国政府于2004年9月正式建立人道主义紧急救灾援助应急机制。2004年12月印度洋海啸发生后，中国开展了对外援助历史上规模最大的紧急救援行动，向受灾国提供各种援助共计7亿多元人民币。近5年来，中国政府累计开展紧急援助近200次，主要包括向东南亚国家提供防治禽流感紧急技术援助；就几内亚比绍蝗灾和霍乱，厄瓜多尔登革热，墨西哥甲型H1N1流感，伊朗、巴基斯坦、海地、智利地震，马达加斯加飓风，缅甸、古巴热带风暴，巴基斯坦洪灾等提供物资或现汇紧急援助；向朝鲜、孟加拉国、尼泊尔、阿富汗、布隆迪、莱索托、津巴布韦、莫桑比克等国提供紧急粮食援助。

Emergency Humanitarian Aid

Emergency humanitarian aid is provided when a country or region suffers a severe natural or humanitarian disaster. In such cases, China provides materials or cash for emergency relief or dispatches relief personnel of its own accord or at the victim country’s request, so as to reduce losses of life and property in disaster-stricken areas and help the victim country tackle difficulties caused by the disaster.

Over the years, China has taken an active part in emergency relief operations in foreign countries, and has been playing a more and more important role in international emergency humanitarian relief. To make relief actions quicker and more effective, the Chinese government formally established a response mechanism for emergency humanitarian relief and aid in foreign countries in September 2004. In December 2004, when a tsunami hit countries by the Indian Ocean, China launched the largest ever emergency relief operation in its history, providing 700 million yuan worth of aid to the disaster-stricken countries. In the past five years, the Chinese government has provided on nearly 200 occasions emergency aid to foreign countries, including offering emergency technical aid to Southeast Asian countries for the prevention and treatment of bird flu; providing emergency aid in materials and cash to Guinea-Bissau hit by a locust plague and cholera, to Ecuador to fight dengue fever and to Mexico to fight influenza A (H1N1). It also assisted Iran, Pakistan, Haiti and Chile following severe earthquakes, Madagascar after a hurricane, Burma and Cuba following tropical storms, and Pakistan following a flood. In addition, it sent emergency food aid to DPRK, Bangladesh, Nepal, Afghanistan, Burundi, Lesotho, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and other countries.

    援外志愿者

    援外志愿者是指中国选派志愿人员到其他发展中国家，在教育、医疗卫生和其他社会发展领域为当地民众提供服务。目前，中国派出的志愿者主要有援外青年志愿者和汉语教师志愿者。

    2002年5月，中国首次派遣5名青年志愿者赴老挝，在教育和医疗卫生领域开展了为期半年的志愿服务。截至2009年底，中国向泰国、埃塞俄比亚、老挝、缅甸、塞舌尔、利比里亚、圭亚那等19个发展中国家共派遣405名援外青年志愿者，服务范围涉及汉语教学、中医治疗、农业科技推广、体育训练、计算机培训、国际救援等领域。其中，向埃塞俄比亚、圭亚那等多个国家实现连续派遣。2003年，中国开始对外派遣汉语教师志愿者。截至2009年底，向全球70多个国家派遣汉语教师志愿者共计7590人次。

Overseas Volunteer Programs

China selects volunteers and sends them to other developing countries to serve the local people in education, medical and health care and some other social sectors. The volunteers now China sends mainly include young volunteers and Chinese-language teachers.

In May 2002, China dispatched, for the first time, five volunteers to Laos to provide services in education and medical and health care for half a year. By the end of 2009, China had dispatched to 19 de-veloping countries, including Thailand, Ethiopia, Laos, Myanmar, Seychelles, Liberia and Guyana, 405 young volunteers who provide services in the fields of Chinese-language teaching, traditional Chinese medicine treatment, agricultural technology, sports and physical training, computer skills, international relief and so on. China has sent regular teams of volunteers to Ethiopia, Guyana and a few other countries. In 2003, China started to dispatch volunteer Chinese-language teachers to other countries. By the end of 2009, China had dispatched 7,590 Chinese-language teachers to over 70 countries around the world.