三、举世瞩目的伟大成就

　　和平解放60年来，在中央人民政府领导和全国各族人民大力支持下，经过西藏各族人民艰苦奋斗，西藏实现了由封建农奴制度到社会主义制度、由封闭贫穷落后到开放富裕文明的两大“历史性跨越”，在各方面取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就。

　　(一)政治建设成就斐然，社会制度实现历史跨越

III. Historic Achievements That Capture World Attention

In the 60 years since its peaceful liberation in 1951, Tibet, under the leadership of the Central People’s Government and with the support of people of all ethnic groups in China, and with the hard work of all ethnic groups in the autonomous region, has fulfilled two historic leaps from a society of feudal serfdom to one of socialism, and from a state of isolation, poverty and backwardness to one of opening, prosperity and civilization, scoring historic achievements in various undertakings that caught world attention.

1. Tibet has scored brilliant political achievements and made historic changes in its social system.

　　和平解放以来，西藏废除了封建农奴制度，实行了民族区域自治制度，建立了人民民主的社会主义制度。昔日的农奴和奴隶从此成为国家和社会的主人，不仅享有了平等参与管理国家事务的权利，而且享有了自主管理本地区、本民族事务的政治权利。在2007年举行的西藏自治区、地(市)、县、乡(镇)人民代表大会代表的选举中，参选率达到96.4%。经过直接和间接选举产生的34000多名四级人大代表中，藏族和其他少数民族占94%以上。在全国人大代表中，西藏自治区有20名代表，其中藏族公民12名，门巴族、珞巴族公民各1名。西藏各阶层和各界人士还通过参与各级人民政治协商会议，参政议政，行使民主权利。现有多名西藏民族、宗教界人士是全国政协委员。中国人民政治协商会议西藏委员会于1959年成立以来，历届委员中的绝大多数是藏族和其他少数民族人士。

　　民族区域自治在法制化的轨道上不断推进。西藏自治区成立以来，先后制定了279件地方性法规和具有法规性质的决议、决定，内容涉及民主政治、经济发展、文化教育、语言文字、人民司法、医疗卫生、文物保护、野生动植物和自然资源保护、环境保护等各个方面。现已建立起以自治条例和单行条例为骨干的地方性自治法规体系，为维护西藏各族人民在政治、经济和社会生活各方面的权益，促进地方经济社会发展，提供了重要的法律保障。这些法制建设成果具有鲜明的西藏地方特点，其中包括《西藏自治区立法条例》、《西藏自治区各级人民代表大会选举实施细则》、《西藏自治区学习、使用和发展藏语文的决定》、《关于维护祖国统一、加强民族团结、反对分裂活动的决议》、《西藏自治区文物保护管理条例》和《西藏自治区环境保护条例》等等。

Since its peaceful liberation Tibet has abolished feudal serf-dom, implemented regional ethnic autonomy and established socialism featuring people’s democracy. The former serfs and slaves have since become masters of their own country and society. They enjoy both the right to equally participate in the administration of state affairs and the right to handle local and ethnic affairs on their own. In the elections of people’s con-gresses at the autonomous regional, prefectural (municipal), county and township (town) levels in 2007, 96.4 percent of the eligible residents participated in the electoral process. Of the more than 34,000 deputies directly or indirectly elected to the people’s congresses at the aforementioned four levels, more than 94 percent were members of the Tibetan or other ethnic minorities. Of the deputies to the current National People’s Congress, 20 are from Tibet, including 12 Tibetans, one Monba and one Lhoba. People from all walks of life in Tibet also attend the people’s political consultative conferences at various levels to participate in the deliberation and administration of state af-fairs, and to exercise their democratic rights. Among the deputies to the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, quite a number of them are Tibetans and a few are from the Tibetan religious circle. Since the founding of the Tibet People’s Political Consultative Conference in 1959, an overwhelming part of the members have been Ti-betans or members of other ethnic minorities.

Regional ethnic autonomy has constantly been institutiona-lized. Statistics show that since 1965 the Standing Committee of the People’s Congress of the Tibet Autonomous Region has enacted 279 local regulations, resolutions and decisions with legal effect, which cover political power buildup, economic development, culture and education, spoken and written languages, justice, medical care and public health, relics protection, protection of wild animals and plants, protection of natural resources, and environmental protection. Now Tibet has established a legal regime of local autonomy, with autonomy-related regulations and separate regulations as the mainstay, protecting the special rights and interests of the people in Tibet in the areas of politics, economy and social life, and promoting the development of various local undertakings. These regulations have distinctive local features. They include the Regulations on Legislation of the Tibet Autonomous Region, Implementing Rules for Election of Deputies to the People’s Congresses at Various Levels in the Tibet Autonomous Region, Resolutions on the Study, Use and Development of the Tibetan Language in the Tibet Autonomous Region, Resolutions on Maintaining National Unification, Enhancing Ethnic Solidarity and Opposing Secessionist Activities, Regulations of the Tibet Autonomous Region on the Protection and Management of Cultural Relics, and Regulations of the Tibet Autonomous Region on Environmental Protection.