提高妇女社会保障水平。《中华人民共和国社会保险法》把生育保险作为独立章节，明确规定妇女平等享有社会保障的权利。《中国妇女发展纲要(2011-2020年)》增设“妇女与社会保障”领域，提出妇女平等享有社会保险、社会救济、社会福利和社会救助的主要目标和策略措施。妇女参加养老保险、医疗保险、失业保险、工伤保险和生育保险人数不断增加。2013年，妇女参加城镇职工养老保险、城镇职工医疗保险的人数分别达到14612万和12657万，比2005年分别增加了6743万和7282万；妇女参加生育保险人数达到7117万，比2005年增加了4844万。2012年4月《女职工劳动保护特别规定》颁布实施，法定产假时间由原来的90天延长到98天，妇女享有生育保障的待遇不断提高。

　　三、妇女与教育

　　中国积极促进教育公平，调整教育结构，坚持贯彻性别平等原则，努力保障男女平等接受教育的权利和机会。

The state improves the level of social security for women. The Social Insurance Law of the People' s Republic of China has a separate chapter for maternity insurance, clearly stipulating that women equally enjoy social security rights. In the Program for the Development of Chinese Women (2011-2020), a section titled "Women and Social Security" was added, defining the main goals, policies, and measures to enable women to enjoy equal access to social insurance, relief, welfare and assistance. The number of women participating in old-age insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, industrial injury insurance, and maternity insurance keeps rising. In 2013, the numbers of women covered by old-age insurance and medical insurance for urban workers reached 146.12 million and 126.57 million, growing by 67.43 million and 72.82 million as compared to the figures in 2005, and the number of women participating in maternity insurance reached 71.17 million, an increase of 48.44 million as compared with 2005. In April 2012, the Special Regulations on Labor Protection for Female Employees was promulgated and put into effect, extending statutory maternity leave from 90 days to 98 days and increasing the level of maternity protection for women.

III. Women and Education

China actively promotes equality in education, adjusting the structure of education, adhering to the principle of gender equality, and working hard to guarantee equal rights and opportunities for both men and women to access education.

　　男女受教育差距明显缩小。贯彻落实《中华人民共和国义务教育法》等相关法律法规和政策，采取切实措施，提高妇女受教育水平。实施女童专项扶助政策，保障适龄女童平等接受义务教育。2014年男女童小学净入学率均为99.8%，提前实现联合国千年发展目标。女性接受初中及以上，特别是高等教育的机会显著增加。2014年，初中和高中在校生中的女生比例分别为46.7%和50.0%；普通高等学校本专科和硕士研究生在校生中的女生比例分别为52.1%和51.6%，博士研究生在校生中的女生比例增至36.9%。设立扫盲教育专项资金，降低妇女文盲人数，2013年女性15岁及以上文盲率为6.7%，比1995年降低了17.4个百分点，女性文盲人口比1995年减少了7000多万。女性平均受教育年限提高，性别差距缩小。第六次全国人口普查显示，2010年6岁以上人口中女性平均受教育年限达到8.4年，比10年前提高了1.3年，与男性的差距比10年前缩小0.2年。

　　妇女接受职业教育和技能培训的比例不断提高。国家制定和完善职业教育的法律政策，加大职业教育经费投入，完善助学政策体系，扩大妇女接受职业教育规模。2014年，接受中等职业教育的女性规模达到805万，普通中专在校女生达到397万，分别占总数的44.7%和53.0%；全国接受各种非学历高等和中等教育的女性规模分别达到346万和2000多万。开展“新型农民科技培训工程”“国家高技能人才振兴计划”和针对农民工职业技能提升的“春潮行动”“阳光工程”等多样化培训，满足不同妇女群体的职业发展需求。2013年，女性参加政府培训机构举办的职工技能培训人数占培训总数的43.0%。

The gender gap in education has been markedly narrowed. The state implements the Compulsory Education Law of the People' s Republic of China and other relevant laws, regulations and policies, and takes practical measures to improve women' s education. It has implemented a special policy to ensure school-age girls enjoy equal access to compulsory education. In 2014, the net primary school enrolment rates of boys and girls were both 99.8 percent, meaning that China has achieved the United Nations Millennium Development Goals ahead of time. Women now enjoy greater opportunities in junior high school education and above, particularly further education. In 2014, the proportion of female students in junior high schools was 46.7 percent and that in high schools was 50 percent; in institutions of higher learning women accounted for 52.1 percent of undergraduate students, 51.6 percent of postgraduate students, and 36.9 percent of students studying for Ph.D. degrees.

The state has set up special funds to reduce the number of illiterate women. In 2013, the illiteracy rate for females at and over the age of 15 was 6.7 percent, 17.4 percentage points lower than in 1995; and the population of illiterate women fell by more than 70 million as compared with 1995. Women' s average years of schooling have increased, and the gender gap has narrowed. The Sixth National Census showed that the average years of schooling for women over the age of six were 8.4 years in 2010, 1.3 years more than in 2000, and the gender gap had narrowed by 0.2 year as compared with 2000.

More and more women have been receiving vocational education and skill training. The state has enacted and improved laws and policies on vocational education, allocating more funds in this regard, improving student aid policies and increasing the number of women receiving vocational education. In 2014, the number of women receiving secondary vocational education was 8.05 million, accounting for 44.7 percent of the total, and the number of females studying in technical secondary schools was 3.97 million, making up 53 percent of the total student body in similar schools. Around the country, 3.46 million women had received non-degree higher education and more than 20 million had received non-degree secondary education. The state launched a project to train farmers in new technology, a plan for cultivating highly skilled personnel, in addition to a number of training programs for improving the vocational skills of migrant workers, such as the Spring Tide Action and Sunshine Project, to meet the needs of different groups of women for their vocational development. In 2013, women who participated in skill training programs organized by government training institutions accounted for 43 percent of the total number of trainees.