* Under no circumstances can energy be created or destroyed.
在任何情况下,能量既不能创造,也不能消灭。
七、否定的延续
在英语中有时会遇到这样的句型:主语+带否定词的谓语+ and/or +谓语,即 两个谓语并列,前一个谓语有否定词,而后ー个谓语没有否定词,遇到这种情況,否定是否延续到后ー个谓语呢?
1. 前一个谓语有助动词或情态动词,而后ー个谓语没有助动词或情态动词,否定延续到后ー个谓语。如:
* Carbon dioxide does not burn and support combustion.
ニ氧化碳既不自燃,也不助燃。
* If Einstein didn't have all these qualities, he could never have done what he has done or have the chance of succeeding in what he is trying to do.
假如爱因斯坦没有这些素质,就不可能做出已有的成绩,也不可能在努力从事的工作中有成功的机会。
2. 前后谓语都没有助动词或情态动词,用or连接则否定延续,用and连接则要看上下文,否定有时延续,有时不延续。如:
* Lines of magnetic force never touch and cross.
磁力线从不相碰或相交。
* The purpose of this chapter is not to describe the various fasteners or tabulate available sizes.
本章不是讲述各种紧固件,也没有用表格列出可用的各种尺寸。
3. 前一谓语有助动词或情态动词,后一谓语也有助动词或情态动词,否定不延续到后ー个谓语。如:
* Thus when coal is piled too deeply, heat formed by slow oxidation of coal within the pile cannot find a way out and may cause the pile to catch fire of itself.
因此,当煤堆得太厚,煤在堆里缓慢氧化而产生的热无法散出,就可能引起煤堆自行着火。
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