- 签证留学 |
- 笔译 |
- 口译
- 求职 |
- 日/韩语 |
- 德语
“拆离”是处理词语联立关系僵滞、梗阻的有效手段。所谓“拆离”就是将原语中的“障碍点”(特定搭配,大都是副词或形容词)拆离原句的词语联立关系,另行处理,一般是放在全句之首或全句之尾。
拆离用于以下情况:
(1)如按原语语序在目的语中作同步对应转换,则“障碍点”在目的语中势必形成行文上的梗阻。如:
(i) Powerful words can drive men to madness. They may inspire them, schizophrenically, to acts of self-sacrifice.
问题在schizophrenically(如同得了精神分裂症似地),必须拆出原句、另行处理:
激昂慷慨的词令可以使人听了发狂;也可以使人行动起来,连命都不要,就像得了精神分裂症。
(ii) Every British motorist will tell you that radar is used most unfairly by the police to catch drivers who are accidentally going a little faster than the speed limit. (R.Lewis)
问题在most unfairly,必须拆至句尾:
每一个驾驶汽车的英国人都会告诉你,警察用雷达来抓那些只是偶尔稍微超速行驶的驾车人,这种做法很不公平。
(2)原语有词类转换,因此引起伴随的变通。这时最好的办法是拆出原搭配,另作处理,否则即可能形成行文梗阻,如:
(iii) He had sound feeling that idiom was the backbone of a language and he was all for the racy phrase. (S. Maugham)
问题在sound后的feeling可转换为动词。当然可以将sound 作伴随转换,但势必引起行文上的累赘,不如拆离:
他认为口语是语言的支柱,因此极力主张用生动活泼的短语。这种看法很有道理。
(3)原语“障碍点”本身有必要作意义阐释,如作同步转换即可能形成累赘,不如拆离,如:
(iv) Of course the ambivalent critics are right when they say that they only have been peering at him through a haze of illusion.
问题在ambivalent本身需要阐释,而修饰语又不宜太长,只好拆离:
当然,他的批评者说得对,他们只是透过一层幻觉的迷雾来看他。尽管批评者们说这香话时心情不无矛盾。
(v) I walk back into dismantled apartment. It stinks of departure. (J. Baldwin)
问题在dismantled需要解释:
我回到公寓,家具都已收拾一空,到处弥漫着离情别绪。
(vi) He wore his full-dress uniform,with the heavily braided white cap pulled down rakishly over one cold gray eye.
问题在cold后面还有gray不好措词,不如拆出来另以短句译之:
他穿了一套军服,镶有粗缳带的白帽漫不经心地斜压在淡灰色的眼睛上,眼神冷漠。
责任编辑:admin