6. In the 18th century, many operations from which patients recover quickly，such as removing, an appendix, would not have been attempted at all, or if an operation had been attempted the victim would probably have died.

在十八世纪，许多可使病人很快康复的手术（如切除阑尾）也完全没有施行过；即使做了，病人也很可能要死去，（victim指代上文的patient)

7. A night - flowering echinopsis normally blooms at about half an hour aftet dusk. If the plant put in a dark cupboard for an hour or two before dusk, flowers will open before nightfall.

夜间开花的仙人掌一般是在天黑后半小时左右开花。但如果在天黑前把这种仙人掌放在黑暗的柜子中一二个小时，那么花朵就会在夜幕降临之前开放。（plant指代上文的echinopsis)

8. When using a power cord with 2-core cord, securely connect the ground wire to an earth terminal. In case such a facility is not available，the ground wire may be connected to a metallic facility，such as a water pipe.

使用双心电源线时，应把地线牢靠地接在接地端上。如果没有这种接地端，可把地线接在金属设备（如水管）上。(第一个facility指代上文的earth terminal)

9. The nylon obturatur was first selected, however the material became brittle and fragmented on leaving the muzzle.

最先选用的是尼龙紧塞具，然而，一出炮口，该紧塞具就松脆破碎了。(material指代上文的nylon obturator)

10. In case the spare fuse has been expended，use a commercially available equivalent.

如果备用保险丝已经用完，也可使用市售保险丝。(equivalent指代上文的fuse)

从以上例中可以发现，近义词和替代词的正确理解和选义，在翻译中非常重要，应该充分注意。但要注意，在处理这类词时，不要把两个不同的概念译成同一个概念，也不要把两个不同的事物译成同一个名称。另外，在替代词中，除了以上例子中的名词和动词外，也有可能是各种代词，关于代词在这种情况下的处理。

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