第四十七条 高等学校实行教师职务制度。高等学校教师职务根据学校所承担的教学、科学研究等任务的需要设置。教师职务设助教、讲师、副教授、教授。

　　高等学校的教师取得前款规定的职务应当具备下列基本条件：

　　（一）取得高等学校教师资格；

　　（二）系统地掌握本学科的基础理论；

Article 47 A system of professional titles shall be instituted among teachers in higher education institutions. The number of such titles in higher education institutions shall be determined on the basis of the need of teaching, research and other tasks which are shouldered by the institutions. The professional titles of teachers include teaching assistant, lecturer, associate professor and professor.

To acquire any of the professional titles prescribed in the preceding paragraph, a teacher in a higher education institution shall meet the following basic requirements:

(1) to be qualified as a teacher in a higher education institution;

(2) to have a systematic mastery of the basic theories of his branch of learning;

　　（三）具备相应职务的教育教学能力和科学研究能力；

　　（四）承担相应职务的课程和规定课时的教学任务。

　　教授、副教授除应当具备以上基本任职条件外，还应当对本学科具有系统而坚实的基础理论和比较丰富的教学、科学研究经验，教学成绩显著，论文或者著作达到较高水平或者有突出的教学、科学研究成果。

(3) to have the necessary competence in education, teaching and research as required by the title he is to hold; and

(4) to shoulder the curriculum commensurate with the title and the teaching assignments in required class hours.

Professors and associate professors, in addition to the basic requirements as mentioned above, shall possess systematic and sound basic theories of their branches of learning, have comparatively rich experience in teaching and research, have achieved remarkable successes in teaching, and have composed comparatively high level of thesis or works or achieved outstanding results in teaching and research.

　　高等学校教师职务的具体任职条件由国务院规定。

　　第四十八条 高等学校实行教师聘任制。教师经评定具备任职条件的，由高等学校按照教师职务的职责、条件和任期聘任。

　　高等学校的教师的聘任，应当遵循双方平等自愿的原则，由高等学校校长与受聘教师签订聘任合同。

The specific requirements for professional titles in higher education institutions shall be formulated by the State Council.

Article 48 A system of appointment shall be instituted among teachers in higher education institutions. A person, having been evaluated as being qualified for holding a teaching post, shall be appointed by a higher education institution according to the duties, requirements and tenure of office for the post. Appointment of teachers of higher education institutions shall be based on the principle of equality and voluntariness on both sides and contracts of appointment shall be signed by presidents of higher education institutions and the teachers appointed.