③模拟会议:这一练习主要针对有组织的课堂教学。自学同传的译员可以自我组织几个或更多爱好者一起来做这个练习。练习要求使用同声传译设备。事先给学员布置好模拟会议题目,如:“环境保护与经济的可持续发展”、“人口控制与经济发展”、“互联网时代的教与学”等,要求学员自己准备5-10分钟的发言两篇(中、英各一篇),由学员自己组织会议、轮流发言、轮流翻译。这一练习形式不但锻炼了学员的口译技巧,同时也使学员掌握了公众演说技巧?口译中另一重要的技巧。
④视译: 视译(on-sight interpreting)是指同传译员拿着讲话人的发言稿,边听发言、边看原稿、边进行同声传译。在练习时,第一步可以找一些有译文的发言稿,边听发言录音,边做“同声传读。”逐渐过渡到脱离译稿只看原文进行口译。视译时可以用很短时间对原文通读一次,了解发言的主要内容并对语言、专业难点做“译前准备”。
⑤原语概述: 原语概述练习是影子练习的延续。就是学员用原语跟读完一段讲话内容后,停下来凭记忆力对刚刚跟读的内容用同种语言进行概述,归纳讲话内容的核心思想。如: “On April 8 we have noticed the news of Japanese Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa’s resignation. This is an internal affairs of Japan. Prime Minister Hosokawa has made a valuable effort to promote Sino-Japanese friendly relations. We hope that Sino-Japanese relations can continue stable and healthful development.” 就可以概括为:“Japanese Prime Minister resigned. We hope this will not have impact on Sino-Japan relations.”开始做该类练习时,间隔时间可以相对短一点,在学员掌握要领之后再逐渐加长。原语概述练习的目的是培养学员短期记忆力、边听、边说、边想(抓核心内容)的习惯。
⑥译入语概述: 译入语概述练习是在原语概述练习进行一段时间后将概述原语内容用译入语进行。目的是巩固听说同步并逐渐过渡到真正的同声传译。练习时译员不必过度强调句子结构和具体内容,而是培养用简练的译入语传达原语的中心思想和主要信息点。如:“The protection of the environment is a vital component of continued economic development. Here and in Hong Kong decades of explosive growth have taken a toll on the environment resulting in air and water pollution, destruction of the natural environment, traffic congestion and deforestation. Not only does this discourage further economic investment and encourage industries already here for relocate, but it also makes it increasingly difficult for Guangdong to enter into the next level of economic development.” 可以用译入语--汉语概述为:“环境保护是经济持续发展的重要因素。// 过去广东和香港在这方面已有过教训。// 环保是广东吸引更多投资使经济更上一层楼的保障。//”