FT：欧盟的碳边境税可能从个别行业开始试行，如水泥、钢铁行业。由于碳边境税针对欧盟以外企业，您是否认为会对中国钢铁行业产生影响？您刚才提到一些关于碳边境税的关切，表示有人认为这是潜在的贸易保护主义措施，您的意思是，中国尚未对其是否构成贸易保护主义作出评估？还是暗示，中方确实将其视为潜在的保护主义措施？

　　张明：我们正对此进行研究，目前我们还没有得出这样的结论。至于对中国钢铁对欧出口的影响，欧盟几年前就对中国钢铁实行了反倾销措施，中国对欧钢铁出口大幅减少。但是，这并不意味欧洲的钢铁进口总量随之减少了，而是其他国家填补了中国减少的出口份额。我们关心的不仅是某一种具体产品出口是否受到影响，更关心的是原则问题。

FT: This is specifically on the carbon border adjustment. I think it will start as a quite narrow measure potentially focusing on a couple of industries, cement is one, and steel is another. Do you anticipate an implication for China's steel industry from carbon border adjustment which targets steel from outside the European Union? And just to push you a little bit on what you said about the carbon border adjustment. When you said some people say it's potentially protectionist, are you saying that China has not assessed whether this is a protectionist measure, or are you implying that you indeed see this as a potentially protectionist measure?

ZHANG: As I said, we are now studying and assessing the Green Deal, and we have yet to come to a definite and specific conclusion. You mentioned China's steel exports to the EU. From very early on, the EU already started anti-dumping measures against Chinese steel exports. China's steel exports to the EU fell in the following years, but I would say that such a drop in China's exports is not accompanied by a drop in the EU overall steel imports, because the gap is filled by other countries. What we are now looking is the matter of principle and rules, not whether a specific product will be affected.

　　FT：关于英国脱欧，请问中方如何看待英国大选结果？现在看来，英国脱欧已成定局，中方认为在哪些领域可以与英国和欧盟分别开展合作？

　　张明：英国大选结束后，中方已向约翰逊首相当选表示了祝贺。不论是英国还是欧盟，我们一贯希望他们保持稳定、开放、发展，这也符合各方利益。如果英国一定要脱欧，我们也希望这一进程平稳、有序。中方将会推进中英、中欧关系并行发展，这一政策不会改变。

FT: We are going to some more points, getting on Brexit. What does China think of the UK election results? Brexit now looks certain. What opportunities does China see to work with UK separately from the EU?

ZHANG: After the UK election, China expressed congratulations to Prime Minister Boris Johnson. Our position is consistent. We hope to see a stable and open UK and EU that enjoy development. This is in the interest of all. We hope that the Brexit process could go in a steady and orderly fashion. China will promote parallel development of China-UK and China-EU relations. This policy remains unchanged.

　　FT：在两者之中，哪一方更加重要？

　　张明：欧盟和英国对中国都很重要，这不是取舍的关系，而是共赢的关系。

　　FT：英国脱欧后，英国对中国投资的吸引力会产生什么样的影响？

　　张明：我不是投资方面的专家，在经济方面的知识也有限。但我会密切关注这一问题。我想，英国是自由贸易的发源地，脱欧之后也会继续坚持多边主义和自由贸易。

FT: But one will be much more important than the other, one is much bigger than the other.

ZHANG: They are both important to China. It is not an either-or question. We hope to see all-win results.

FT: Does the Brexit likelihood make the UK a more or less attractive place for Chinese investment?

ZHANG: I am not an expert on investment. I am closely monitoring the developments. The UK is the origin of free trade. I believe even after Brexit, the UK will still keep to the principles of multilateralism and free trade.

　　FT：关于世界贸易组织改革，请问世贸组织的危机是否会激发中国与欧盟加强合作？欧盟提出了解决贸易争端的多边临时协议。中国是否有兴趣参加？

　　张明：世贸组织机制近期受到了重创，上诉机构暂停运转，这是美国推行单边主义和保护主义的结果。中方继续坚定维护以世贸组织为核心的多边贸易体制，支持各方为恢复上诉机构运作所做的努力。我们也在研究上诉机构瘫痪期间处理世贸组织争端案件的临时方案，将适时提出中方建议。

FT: One quick question on the WTO breakdown. Does the breakdown of the WTO lead China interested in cooperating more with the European Union? And the European Union has proposed its multilateral interim agreement on dispute settlement related to this. Is that something that China will be interested in participating in?

ZHANG: The WTO is experiencing a heavy blow recently with the impasse of the appellate body. It is another illustration of the harm of the US unilateralism and protectionism. For China, we will continue to support the WTO-centered multilateral trade system and support the efforts made by various parties to keep the appellate body alive. We are studying how to handle cases while the appellate body is in deadlock. And we may make China's proposal in due course.

　　FT：由于中国带来的机遇和挑战，北约在本月峰会上更加关注中国。很显然，北约是一个军事同盟，中国也并不在北大西洋范围内。中方是否将北约日益增长的关注视作威胁？

　　张明：我注意到，此次北约会议第一次将中国议题纳入议程，也注意到《伦敦声明》中有一些涉华内容。北约方面告诉我，随着中国国际影响力日益增长，北约需要评估中国崛起带来的机遇和挑战，从而更好地了解中国。

FT: NATO has been increasingly interested in China in the Summit this month, since China presents both opportunities and challenges. Clearly NATO is a military alliance, and China is not in the North Atlantic sphere. Does China see this increasing focus of NATO as a threat?

ZHANG: I've noticed that the NATO leaders meeting, for the first time, included China in its agenda. I also noticed the wording on China in the London Declaration. NATO colleagues told me that with China's growing globe profile, there is a need for NATO to assess China in terms of opportunities and challenges brought by China's rise in order to better understand China.