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《中国的对外贸易》(中英对照)IV

发布时间: 2018-04-08 09:04:32   作者:译聚网   来源: 国新网   浏览次数:
摘要: 《中国的对外贸易》(中英对照),粘贴出来供大家参考。



    加快推进外贸发展中的节能减排。早在1994年,中国政府就制定并发表了《中国21世纪议程——中国21世纪人口、环境与发展白皮书》,将节能减排纳入国民经济和社会发展目标。“十一五”和“十二五”规划都把降低能源消耗和二氧化碳排放强度作为约束性指标。2004年以来,中国多次下调甚至取消部分高耗能、高污染和资源性商品出口退税,禁止和限制部分此类产品的加工贸易,鼓励进出口企业向国际上先进的环保标准看齐。近年来,中国出口商品中“两高一资”商品的比重大幅下降,新能源和节能环保产品出口大幅增长。大部分达到一定规模的进出口生产企业都已经获得ISO14000等与环保有关的标准认证。中国将努力调整经济结构和产业结构,加快先进节能环保技术的应用,促进对外贸易与资源节约、环境保护更加协调发展。


    加强与贸易有关的知识产权保护。加强知识产权保护,是中国履行国际义务的需要,更是转变经济发展方式、建设创新型国家的内在要求。多年来,中国政府在知识产权保护方面做了大量工作,在立法、执法、宣传、培训及提高全社会知识产权保护意识等方面取得了显著成效。2008年,中国制定了《国家知识产权战略纲要》,把保护知识产权提升到国家战略的高度加以推进。2006年至2011年,中国连续6年颁布《中国保护知识产权行动计划》,实施了包括立法、执法、教育培训、文化宣传和对外交流等多个领域的1000多项具体措施。2010年,中国通过《专利合作条约》提出的国际专利申请量达到12295件,比2009年增长55.6%,增速居各国之首,世界排名从第五位上升至第四位。当前,加强与贸易有关的知识产权保护是世界各国共同面临的挑战,加强对话与合作成为世界知识产权保护的潮流。中国政府将在有关国际公约和各自法律框架下,与世界各国和地区加强知识产权交流与合作,共同推进知识产权事业的健康发展。


Promoting energy conservation and emission reduction in foreign trade development. As early as in 1994, the Chinese government published China's Agenda 21 - White Paper on China's Population, Environment and Development in the 21st Century, setting goals on energy conservation and emission reduction for national economic and social development. In both the 11th and 12th five-year plans, the government made the reduction of energy consumption and CO2 emission intensity two obligatory targets. Since 2004 the Chinese government has lowered and even abolished export tax rebates for some energy-intensive, heavily-polluting and resource-based products, banned or limited the processing trade in some such products, and encouraged import and export enterprises to keep up with the world's advanced environmental standards. As a result, in recent years such products have seen their proportion in exports decreasing, while the export of new-energy, energy-conserving and environmental-friendly products has grown by a big margin. Most import and export enterprises above a designated scale have obtained ISO14000 certification or other environmental standard certifications. China will try to readjust its economic and industrial structure, accelerate the application of advanced energy-conserving and environmental technologies, and promote more balanced development between foreign trade and resource conservation and environmental protection.


Strengthening trade-related intellectual property protection. Strengthening intellectual property protection is necessary for China to comply with its international obligations. It is also an essential move if China seeks to transform its economic growth mode and build an innovative country. The Chinese government has made tremendous efforts in this regard, and made significant progress in legislation, law enforcement, publicity, training and enhancing the social awareness of IPR protection. In 2008 China promulgated the Outline of the National Intellectual Property Strategy, making IPR protection a national strategy. From 2006 to 2011, China published the Action Plan on Intellectual Property Protection for six consecutive years, putting in place over 1,000 concrete measures covering the fields of legislation, law enforcement, education and training, cultural communication and exchanges with the outside world. In 2010 China filed 12,295 applications for international patents in accordance with the Patent Cooperation Treaty, registering a growth rate of 55.6percent over 2009, which was the fastest increase in the world. China also rose from the fifth to the fourth place in terms of patent application in the world. At present, it is a common challenge facing all countries to strengthen foreign trade-related intellectual property protection, and a world trend to strengthen dialogue and cooperation in this area. The Chinese government will, under related international conventions and within its own legislative framework, strengthen exchanges and cooperation with other countries and regions for the healthy development of intellectual property. 



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