四、大力发展新能源和可再生能源

　　大力发展新能源和可再生能源，是推进能源多元清洁发展、培育战略性新兴产业的重要战略举措，也是保护生态环境、应对气候变化、实现可持续发展的迫切需要。中国坚定不移地大力发展新能源和可再生能源，到“十二五”末，非化石能源消费占一次能源消费比重将达到11.4%，非化石能源发电装机比重达到30%。

　　——积极发展水电。中国水能资源蕴藏丰富，技术可开发量5.42亿千瓦，居世界第一。按发电量计算，中国目前的水电开发程度不到30%，仍有较大的开发潜力。实现2020年非化石能源消费比重达到15%的目标，一半以上需要依靠水电来完成。在做好生态环境保护、移民安置的前提下，中国将积极发展水电，把水电开发与促进当地就业和经济发展结合起来，切实做到“开发一方资源，发展一方经济，改善一方环境，造福一方百姓”。完善水电移民安置政策，健全利益共享机制。加强生态环境保护和环境影响评价，严格落实已建水电站的生态保护措施，提高水资源综合利用水平和生态环境效益。做好水电开发流域规划，加快重点流域大型水电站建设，因地制宜开发中小河流水能资源，科学规划建设抽水蓄能电站。到2015年，中国水电装机容量将达到2.9亿千瓦。

IV. Vigorously Developing New and Renewable Energy

Vigorously developing new and renewable energy is a key strategic measure for promoting the multiple and clean development of energy, and fostering emerging industries of strategic importance. It is also an urgent need in the protection of the environment, response to climate change and achievement of sustainable development. Through unswerving efforts in developing new and renewable energy sources, China endeavors to increase the shares of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption and installed generating capacity to 11.4 percent and 30 percent, respectively, by the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan.

-- Actively developing hydropower. China boasts abundant hydropower resources. Its technically exploitable hydropower resources are equal to 542 million kw, putting the country first in the world. Calculated according to power generation, less than 30 percent of China's hydropower resources are currently utilized, leaving plenty of room for development in this regard. In order to attain the goal of increasing non-fossil energy consumption to 15 percent of the total energy consumption by 2020, more than half will come from hydropower development. On the condition that the ecological environment is protected and resettlements of local people affected are properly handled, China will energetically develop hydropower. By integrating hydropower development with promotion of local employment and economic development, the Chinese government aims to "develop local resources, stimulate local economic development, improve the local environment and benefit local people." The country strives to improve its resettlement policies regarding local people affected by hydropower projects, and perfect the benefit-sharing mechanism. China will strengthen ecological-protection and environmental-impact assessment, strictly implement measures to protect the environment of existing hydropower stations, and improve the comprehensive utilization level and eco-environmental benefits of water resources. In accordance with rational river basin planning for hydropower development, China will speed up the construction of large hydropower stations on key rivers, develop medium- and small-sized hydropower stations based on local conditions, and construct pumped-storage power stations in appropriate circumstances. The country's installed hydropower generating capacity is expected to reach 290 million kw by 2015.