生物多样性与重要生态功能区得到有效保护。目前，西藏已建立各级各类自然保护区47处，总面积41.22万平方公里，约占全区国土面积的34.35%。建立生态功能保护区22个(国家级2个)、国家级风景名胜区4个、国家森林公园9个、国家湿地公园10个、地质公园4个(国家级3个)，使西藏拥有的141种国家重点保护野生动物、38种国家重点保护野生植物和196种西藏特有动物物种、855种西藏特有植物物种以及重要生态系统得到了有效保护。西藏大中型野生动物种群数量居全国前列，藏羚羊种群数量由1995年的5万-7万只上升到目前的20万只以上，黑颈鹤由1995年的1000-3000只上升到目前的7000只左右，野牦牛、藏野驴等珍稀濒危野生动物种群数量稳中有增。

　　林业和草原生态建设成效显著。据2014年第八次全国森林资源清查结果，西藏森林覆盖率已达11.98%，森林面积1471.56万公顷，森林蓄积量22.62亿立方米，天然林蓄积22.61亿立方米、乔木林单位面积蓄积267立方米/公顷、重点公益林面积1011.27万公顷。西藏已经创造了人均森林面积、森林蓄积、天然林蓄积、乔木林蓄积、重点公益林面积5项指标全国第一。第四次与第三次全国荒漠化和沙化监测结果比较，西藏荒漠化土地减少了7.89万公顷，沙化土地减少了6.57万公顷，全区荒漠化和沙化土地扩展趋势得到遏制并首次出现逆转。截至2014年底，西藏有天然草地面积8433万公顷，其中可用天然草地面积7067万公顷。

Biological diversity and key ecological reserves are under effective protection. Currently, Tibet has 47 nature reserves, which cover 412,200 sq km, or 34.35 percent of the total land area of the entire Region. It has also set up 22 ecological reserves (two at state level), four state level scenic spots, nine national forest parks, 10 national wetland parks, and four geological parks (three at state level), wherein 141 wild animal species and 38 species of wild plants are under state protection, 196 indigenous animal species, and 855 indigenous plants and important ecological systems are under effective protection. The large and medium-sized wildlife populations of Tibet lead the country: numbers of Tibetan antelopes have grown from 50,000 to 70,000 in 1995 to more than 200,000, and black-necked cranes from 1,000 to 3,000 in 1995 to 7,000. Numbers of such rare and endangered species as wild yaks and Tibetan wild donkeys are also steadily growing.

Ecological development in forestry and grassland is making remarkable progress. According to the eighth national survey of forest resources conducted in 2014, the Region's forest coverage rate was as high as 11.98 percent, covering a total area of 14.7156 million ha. Wood stock accounted for 2.262 billion cubic meters of forest, 2.261 billion cubic meters of virgin forest, and 267 cubic meters per ha. of high forest. The key non-commercial forest totals 10.1127 million ha. Tibet leads the country in terms of per capita forest coverage, stock of forest, virgin forest and high forest, and area of key non-commercial forest. Compared with the third national survey of desertification and sandification, the fourth survey shows a 78,900 ha. decline in desertification and 65,700 ha. decline in sandification in Tibet. This signifies that the situation has been checked and is now taking a turn for the better. By the end of 2014, there was 84.33 million ha. of natural grassland in Tibet, 70.67 million of which is usable.