城乡居住条件不断改善。2004年启动实施抗震安居工程，2010年以来启动安居富民、定居兴牧和城镇保障性安居工程建设，到2014年累计超过480万农牧民和207万城镇中低收入居民喜迁新居，城乡居民户均拥有住房面积分别达到85平方米和105平方米。100%的城镇和72%的农村住户有供暖设施，城镇供水普及率达96.3%，污水集中处理率达78.6%，生活垃圾无害化处理率达63%。城镇建成区绿化覆盖率34.9%，人均公园绿地面积10.7平方米。实施农村环境连片整治项目和农村环境综合整治示范工程，使200多万农牧民逐步享受到干净、整洁的村容环境。

　　教育事业不断发展。2010年以来，教育事业发展进入新的快速发展时期，近5年教育经费支出超过2500亿元，2014年教育支出占GDP比重提高到6.47%。全疆有各级各类学校9230所，在校学生473.48万人，专任教师33.82万人。2010—2014年，学前三年入园率由51%提高到72.4%；初中毕业生升高中比例由74%提高到91%，高中阶段毛入学率由67%提高到84%；高考录取率由64%提高到79%，高等教育毛入学率由22%提高到31%， 与全国同步进入高等教育大众化阶段。职业教育体系基本形成，有中等职业技术学校176所，在校学生21.95万人。

Living conditions of both urban and rural residents have continued to improve. In 2004, Xinjiang started an earthquake-resistant and comfortable housing project; and since 2010, it has launched projects of offering comfortable housing and enriching the people, settlement of herdsmen for developing animal husbandry, and urban affordable housing. By 2014, more than 4.8 million farmers and herdsmen and 2.07 million middle- and low-income urban residents had moved into new homes. The average flood space for an urban household was 85 sq m, and that of a rural household was 105 sq m. All urban households and 72 percent of rural households have been provided with facilities for heating. In urban areas, the water supply covered 96.3 percent of the population, and the centralized sewage treatment rate reached 78.6 percent. Sixty-three percent of domestic garbage underwent hazard-free treatment. In built-up urban areas, the green coverage rate was 34.9 percent, and per-capita green park area was 10.7 sq m. Projects to improve the communal environment in rural areas and demonstration projects of comprehensive improvement of rural environment were launched, gradually bringing about a clean and neat village environment for more than 2 million farmers and herdsmen.

Continuous development has been seen in education. Since 2010, education in the region has ushered in a new period of rapid development. Over the past five years, education expenditure has exceeded RMB250 billion. In 2014, the proportion of education expenditure in theGDPincreased to 6.47 percent. Xinjiang has 9,230 schools of various types and at all levels, with 4,734,800 students and 338,200 full-time teachers. From 2010 to 2014, the three-year kindergarten enrollment rate grew from 51 percent to 72.4 percent; the proportion of junior high school graduates getting enrolled into high schools increased from 74 percent to 91 percent, while the gross high school enrollment increased from 67 percent to 84 percent. The university and college admission rate grew from 64 percent to 79 percent, and the gross enrollment rate of higher education increased from 22 percent to 31 percent. This brought Xinjiang to a level of higher education take-up similar to the rest of the country. A full system of vocational education was in place, with 176 secondary vocational and technical schools providing for 219,500 students.