人民幸福生活是最大的人权。中国共产党从诞生那一天起，就把为人民谋幸福、为民族谋复兴、为人类谋发展作为奋斗目标。新中国成立以来，特别是中共十八大以来，在习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想指引下，中国不断总结人类社会发展经验，在建设中国特色社会主义的伟大实践中，坚持把人权的普遍性原则与自身实际相结合，奉行以人民为中心的人权理念，始终把生存权、发展权作为首要的基本人权，协调增进全体人民的各项权利，努力促进人的全面发展。历史和现实都证明，中国成功地走出了一条符合国情的人权发展道路，丰富了人类文明多样性。
Living a happy life is the primary human right. Since the day of its foundation, the CPC has set its goal to work for the wellbeing of the people of China, for national rejuvenation and for human progress. Since the founding of the PRC, and especially since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, China has been guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. The nation has constantly reviewed the experience gained in human social development, integrated the principle of universality of human rights with national conditions in practicing socialism with Chinese characteristics, and espoused a people-centered view of human rights. China regards the rights to subsistence and development as its primary and basic human rights. It endeavors to improve the rights of all its people in a coordinated manner and works for their rounded development. Both history and present circumstances attest that China has opened a new path of human rights protection based on its national conditions, and increased the diversity of human civilizations.
作为国际社会重要一员，新中国高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜，坚持维护世界和平、促进共同发展，坚持以合作促发展，以发展促人权，全面参与全球人权治理，努力推动世界人权事业发展进步。
一、辉煌壮丽的人权发展历程
As a key member of the international community, China raises high the banner of peace, development, cooperation, and mutual benefits, stanchly safeguarding world peace, promoting common development, and advancing development through cooperation while promoting human rights through development. It fully participates in global human rights governance, and works strenuously to advance the international cause of human rights.
I. A Splendid History of China’s Human Rights Protection
中华人民共和国是中国共产党领导的社会主义国家。为中国人民谋幸福，为中华民族谋复兴，是中国共产党人的初心和使命；以人民为中心，是中国共产党执政的最高价值。中国共产党的领导，是中国人民能够享有人权并不断享有更加充分人权的根本保证，是全体中国人民的利益所在、幸福所在，是中国人权事业的命脉所在、根本所在。
新中国人权事业的发展，与当代中国发展进程相统一，是中国特色社会主义发展的必然结果。自1949年以来，新中国人权事业发展大体经历了三个时期。
The PRC is a socialist country led by the CPC. The original aspiration and the mission of the Party is to seek happiness for the people of China and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, and putting the people at the center of all its work is the supreme pursuit of the Party in its governance. The Party’s leadership is the fundamental guarantee for the people of China to have access to human rights, and to fully enjoy more human rights. This leadership is therefore in the interests of all people of China, critical for their pursuit of a happy life, and provides the foundations for the cause of human rights in China.
The progress in human rights in China parallels the country’s overall progress in recent times, and results from the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The cause of human rights in China has gone through three phases since 1949:
第一个时期：1949年新中国成立，确立了社会主义基本制度，完成了中国历史上最为广泛而深刻的社会变革，为中国人权事业发展奠定了根本政治前提和制度基础。
从1840年到1949年，由于西方列强的一次次入侵，加之统治阶级的腐朽和社会制度的落后，中国逐步沦为半殖民地半封建社会。战乱频仍、社会动荡、经济凋敝、民不聊生，是当时中国的真实写照。在旧中国，广大人民长期处于帝国主义、封建主义和官僚资本主义的压迫下，毫无人权可言。
The first phase: Founded in 1949, the PRC established a basic socialist system and achieved the most extensive and profound social transformation in China’s history, laying down the basic political prerequisite and establishing the institutions for developing human rights in China.
Between 1840 and 1949, due to repeated invasions by foreign powers, a corrupt ruling class, and a backward social system, China was gradually reduced to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. Frequent wars, instability, a shattered economy, and a destitute populace – this is an accurate portrayal of China at that time. The people suffered under the oppression of imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucrat-capitalism, and had no access to human rights at all.
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