古今中外的翻译理论家和翻译家对翻译的标准有着不同的看法，可谓是仁者见仁，智者见智。早期有严复提出的“信、达、雅”标准，而后有林语堂给出的“忠实标准、通顺标准、美的标准”，以及钱钟书的“化境” 说。

翻译有众多的标准，这表明翻译的标准不是绝对的。而最基本的两条标准是：“准确”（accuracy）和“通顺”（smoothness）。“准确、通顺”是医学英语翻译最基本的标准。医学科学要求客观、准确地表述；译文也要符合这一要求，不得篡改原文的意思。以及，如果译文词不达意、文不通顺，人们读了之后不知所云，甚至产生误解，就达不到有效交际的目的。请看下面的例文：

The Invention of Insulin

胰岛素的发现

1. For centuries physicians studied diabetes, searching in vain for a cure. Finally, in the late 1800 a breakthrough occurred. 

几百年里，医生在研究糖尿病，寻找治愈它的方法。最后，在19世纪末出现了突破。

2. It was discovered that the bodies of the diabetics had something in common. The group of cells in the pancreas was always damaged. These cells produced hormones that control blood sugar. That hormone was called insulin.

当时发现，糖尿病病人的身体有某种共同之处。胰腺中的细胞总是受到损坏。这些细胞产生控制血糖的激素，叫胰岛素。

3.Then in 1920, another breakthrough. Canadian surgeon Frederick Banting and the graduate student named Charles Best were studying how insulin was produced in the pancreas of dogs.

后来到了1920年出现了另一个突破。加拿大外科医生费雷德里克•潘霆和名叫查理•贝斯特研究生在研究胰岛素是如何在狗的胰腺中产生的。

4.On a hunch, Banting took an extract from the insulin-producing cells of healthy dogs, and then injected extracts into other dogs already afflicted with diabetes. 

潘霆凭着一种预感，从健康的狗身上提取生产胰岛素的细胞，然后注射到已经患有糖尿病的狗身上。

5.The results were stunning. Within a few hours, the blood sugar levels of the diabetic dogs decreased significantly 

令人惊奇的结果出现了。在几小时内，患有糖尿病的狗血糖大大地降低了。

6. Now Banting and his team set their sights on finding an animal whose insulin bore a close resemblance to human insulin. 

接着潘霆和他的研究团队把注意力放在找一种动物，它的胰岛素与人的胰岛素有密切的相似性。

7. He found a close match in the insulin taken from cow fetuses, purified it for safe treatment, then in January 1922, conducted the first clinical trial.

他从牛胎中找到了十分切合的胰岛素，为安全治疗起见把它纯化。在1922年1月，进行首次临床试验。

8. Banting administered the insulin to a 14-year-old boy dying of diabetes.

潘霆把胰岛素用于一位因患糖尿病而奄奄一息的14岁男孩身上。

9. And the boy made a dramatic recovery.

这位男孩戏剧般地得到康复。

责任编辑：admin