英语定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两大类。一般都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，但在翻译时，具体处理的方法并不完全相同。

1. 限制性定语从句对所修饰的名词或代词起限制作用和明确作用，一般译为定语结构，置于被修饰词之前。

All the poisons that are absorbed in any part of the body are sooner or later brought to the liver.

机体各部分所吸收的全部毒物迟早都会被带到肝脏。

A patient who is in profound shock from acute blood loss should have emergency blood replacement and surgical treatment immediately.

凡因急性失血发生深度休克的病人，应立即给以紧急输血和手术处理。

The factors which make for the formation of gall stones are apparently periodic rather than continuous in their mode of action.

显然，胆石形成因素的作用方式呈周期性，而不是持续性。

Such use as we are able to make of helpful bacteria and such control as we have of harmful ones depend upon our knowledge of their habits.

我们对有益细菌的利用和对有害细菌的控制都有赖于我们对细菌习性的了解。

2. 非限制性定语从句对被修饰词起描述作用和补充作用，一般译为并列分句

In any case, its activity is profoundly modified by various factors, which may be of either nervous or chemical origin.

无论如何，它的活动受到各种因素的强烈影响，这可能是神经因素，也可能是化学因素。

Around each alveolus there are capillaries, which are very small blood vessels.

在每一肺泡周围有许多毛细管，它们是很小的血管。

形式上的限制性定语从句，一般也译为并列分句。

Some pathogenic bacteria live constantly in the body but cause no trouble unless there are changes in body which lower its resistance, such as local irritation, fatigue, heat or cold, or hunger or thirst.

有些致病菌一直生活在人体内而不致病，除非是体内发生了象局部刺激、疲劳、冷热、饥饿或干渴等变化，降低了抵抗力。

Suppression of a portion of the microflora inevitably results in proliferation of other organisms of which some may have pathogenic potentiality.

一部分细菌受到抑制势必导致其他细菌的增殖，其中有些可能具有致病的潜在能力。

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