4. Increasing emphasis is being given to the education of physicians, public health groups, and the lay population concerning cancer detection,

[译文] 越来越重视对医生、公共卫生界和非专此人员的关于癌症探查方面的教育。

[说明] 介词短语concerning cancer detection作定语，修饰名词 education，被句子谓语和很长的间接宾语to the…population所分隔。

5. Atoms of the same element that have different atomic weights are known as isotopes.

[译文]同一元素中具有不同原子量的原子称为同位素。

[说明]that引导的定语从句修饰主语atoms，被起定语作用的介词短语 of the same dement 所分隔。

6. It is necessary that a careful examination be made of the patient's stomach.

[译文]必须对病人的胃作仔细的检查。

[说明]of引起的介词短语作定语，修饰主语从句的主语examination，被从句的谓语所分隔。

7. The respiratory process is the normal exchange between an organism and its environment of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases.

[译文]呼吸过程是生物体与周围环境之间进行的氧与二氧化碳气体的正常交换。 

[说明]介词短语of…gases作定语，修饰名词exchange,被另一个作定语的介词短语between…environmem所分隔。

8. Numerous complications have been reported secondary to cannulation of the ascending aorta.

[译文]已报道了大量继发于升动脉插管术的并发症。

[说明]形容词短语secondary to…aorta作定语，修饰主语complicaiions,被句子谓语所分隔。

9. In the past few years a number of papers has been published reporting the possibility of viruses as a cause of cancer.

[译文]过去几年内发表过许多论文，报告病毒可能是引起癌症的原因之一，

[说明]分词短语reporting…of cancer作定语,修饰主语a number of papers，被句子谓语所分隔。