（一）稳步提升粮食生产能力

　　——严守耕地保护红线。实施全国土地利用总体规划，从严管控各项建设占用耕地特别是优质耕地，健全建设用地“增存挂钩”机制，实行耕地占补平衡政策，严守12000万公顷耕地红线。全面落实永久基本农田特殊保护制度，划定永久基本农田10300多万公顷。目前，全国耕地面积13488万公顷，比1996年增加480多万公顷，粮食作物播种面积达到11700多万公顷，比1996年增加450万公顷左右，夯实了粮食生产基础。

1. Steadily increasing grain production capacity

– Never crossing the red line for the protection of cultivated land. The Chinese government has implemented an overall plan for land use throughout the country. It strictly controls the occupation of cultivated land, especially high-quality land. It is improving the mechanism for linking the increase and deposit of construction land, and implementing a policy of balancing the occupation and replenishment of arable land, thus drawing a red line for its 120 million hectares of cultivated land. We have implemented a complete and special protection system for permanent basic farmland, and designated more than 103 million hectares of permanent basic farmland. At present, the country has 134.88 million hectares of cultivated land, an increase of more than 4.8 million hectares over 1996. There are more than 117 million hectares sown with grain, an increase of about 4.5 million hectares over 

1996. The foundations of grain production have been strengthened.

　　——提升耕地质量，保护生态环境。实施全国高标准农田建设总体规划，推进耕地数量、质量、生态“三位一体”保护，改造中低产田，建设集中连片、旱涝保收、稳产高产、生态友好的高标准农田。2011年以来累计建成高标准农田4260多万公顷，项目区耕地质量提升1－2个等级，每公顷粮食产量提高约1500公斤，粮食生产能力得到提升。实行测土配方施肥，推广秸秆还田、绿肥种植、增施有机肥、地力培肥土壤改良等综合配套技术，稳步提升耕地质量。实施耕地休养生息规划，开展耕地轮作休耕制度试点。持续控制化肥、农药施用量，逐步消除面源污染，保护生态环境。

– Improving the quality of arable land and protecting the environment. China has 

implemented an overall plan for the development of high-standard farmland, promoted the protection of quantity, quality and ecology of cultivated land, and upgraded medium- and low-yield fields. It has built high-standard farmland with concentrated contiguous land, guaranteed harvests in drought or flood, stable and high yield, and a sound ecology. Since 2011, we have created more than 42.6 million hectares of high-standard farmland, improved the quality of cultivated land by 1 to 2 grades in related zones, increased grain production by about 1,500 kg per hectare, and increased grain production capacity. We have carried out soil testing and formula fertilization, popularized the practice of returning straw to the field, green manure planting, the application of organic fertilizer, soil improvement and other supporting technologies, and steadily improved the quality of cultivated land. We 

have also implemented cultivated land rehabilitation planning and carried out a pilot system of fallow rotation of cultivated land. We will continue to control the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, gradually eliminate non-point source pollution, and protect the environment.

　　——建立粮食生产功能区和重要农产品生产保护区。以主体功能区规划和优势农产品布局规划为依托，以永久基本农田为基础，建立粮食生产功能区和重要农产品生产保护区。划定水稻、小麦、玉米等粮食生产功能区6000万公顷，大豆、油菜籽等重要农产品生产保护区近1500万公顷。加强建设东北稻谷、玉米、大豆优势产业带，形成黄淮海平原小麦、专用玉米和高蛋白大豆规模生产优势区；打造长江经济带双季稻和优质专用小麦生产核心区；提高西北优质小麦、玉米和马铃薯生产规模和质量；重点发展西南稻谷、小麦、玉米和马铃薯种植；扩大东南和华南优质双季稻和马铃薯产量规模。优化区域布局和要素组合，促进农业结构调整，提升农产品质量效益和市场竞争力，保障重要农产品特别是粮食的有效供给。

– Establishing functional areas for grain production and protected areas for the production of important agricultural products. In accordance with the planning of the main functional areas and the configuration of superior agricultural products, China has established functional areas for grain production and protected areas for important agricultural products on the basis of permanent basic farmland. We have designated 60 million hectares of functional areas for grain production, such as rice, wheat and corn, and nearly 15 million hectares of protected areas for the production of important agricultural products such as soybeans and rapeseed. We have strengthened the superior industrial belt of rice, corn and soybeans in Northeast China, and formed a dominant area for the large-scale production of 

wheat, special corn and high-protein soybeans on the North China Plain. We are building a core area for the production of double-cropping rice and high-quality special wheat in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and we are expanding the scale and improving the quality of high-quality wheat, corn and potatoes in Northwest China. In Southwest China we are focusing on the cultivation of rice, wheat, corn and potatoes, and increasing the yield of high-quality double-cropping rice and potatoes in Southeast and South China. We will continue to optimize the regional configuration and the combination of production factors, promote agricultural restructuring, enhance the quality and efficiency of agricultural products and market competitiveness, and ensure the effective supply of important agricultural products, especially grain.