加强环境污染治理。开展了乌鲁木齐、奎屯—独山子—乌苏等区域大气污染治理和联防联控。首府乌鲁木齐市空气质量显著改善，2014年优良天数达到310天，创下近20年来最好成绩。实施了博斯腾湖、赛里木湖、乌伦古湖、喀纳斯湖等水质较好湖泊生态环境保护试点。完成367个城乡集中式饮用水源地保护和1836个村庄环境综合整治，切实保障了人民群众饮水安全和农村人居环境改善。开展生态文明示范创建工作，已建成国家环保模范城市2个，国家级生态区、生态乡镇、生态村共43个，自治区级生态区、生态乡镇、生态村共1057个。

　　四、改善民生造福各族人民

　　自治区成立后，尤其是改革开放以来，经济社会全面发展，新疆各族人民充分享受到改革发展的成果。2010年以来，新疆持续加大民生建设和投入力度，连续6个“民生建设年”累计实施重点民生工程项目500余项，民生支出占年公共财政预算支出70%以上，成为各族群众得实惠最多、物质文化生活水平提高最快的时期。

Xinjiang has put in a lot of work to tackle pollution. Joint prevention and control of air pollution has been carried out in areas like Urumqi and Kuytun-Dushanzi-Wusu. There has been a considerable improvement in the air quality of the regional capital, Urumqi. During 2014, the city had 310 days with good air quality, the best ever for 20 years. Xinjiang has piloted environmental protection in some lakes with good water quality, such as Bosten Lake, Sayram Lake, Ulungur Lake and Kanas Lake. In order to safeguard drinking water, it has made great efforts to protect 367 centralized drinking-water source areas, and comprehensively improved the habitat of 1,836 villages. Xinjiang encourages ecological progress through examples. It has built up two national model cities for environmental protection, 43 national-level eco-friendly prefectures, towns and villages, and 1,057 autonomous region-level eco-friendly prefectures, towns and villages.

IV. Improving Standards of Living for All

Since the founding of the autonomous region, and especially since the launch of the reform and opening-up drive, Xinjiang has enjoyed overall economic and social development, and people of the various ethnic groups in the autonomous region have all benefitted from the fruits of the reform and development. Since 2010, Xinjiang has stepped up efforts and input in improving the people's living standards, undertaking over 500 key projects in this regard over the past six consecutive "people's livelihood years," with the expenditure on improving the people's livelihood accounting for over 70 percent of the region's yearly total public spending. This has made these six years a period in which the people are benefitted the most and see the greatest improvement in their material well-being and cultural life.

　　就业渠道不断拓宽。2014年新疆城镇登记失业率为3.2%。2010—2014年，新增城镇就业249.7万人，年均增长50万人。2010年，新疆建立就业困难人员和零就业家庭就业动态登记制度，截至2014年，帮助2.9万名零就业家庭成员实现就业，累计消除零就业家庭2.6万户。2010—2014年，解决30.3万名高校毕业生就业，高校毕业生就业率和少数民族高校毕业生就业率分别达88.6%和82.7%。2011年5月，基本解决2009年底前实名登记的7.5万名未就业大中专毕业生就业问题，其中少数民族毕业生占84.6%。农业富余劳动力转移就业从2009年166万人(次)增加到2014年285万人(次)，转移就业获得工资性收入和劳务收入累计566亿元。

　　人民生活持续改善。2014年，城镇居民人均可支配收入21881元，是1980年的51.2倍，年均增长12.3%，比2009年增加9624元；农村居民人均纯收入8114元，是1980年的40.4倍，年均增长11.5%，比2009年增加4231元。城镇和农村居民恩格尔系数持续下降，分别从2009年的36.3%、41.5%下降到2014年的31.3%、34.5%。

Employment channels are constantly expanding. In 2014, the registered urban unemployment rate of Xinjiang was 3.2 percent. From 2010 to 2014, 2.5 million new urban jobs were created, averaging a yearly growth of 500,000. In 2010, Xinjiang established a registration system for people with difficulties in finding work and for families of which no member was gainfully employed. By 2014, under this system Xinjiang had helped 29,000 members of these "zero-employment" families find jobs, cutting the number of zero-employment families by 26,000. From 2010 to 2014, Xinjiang provided jobs to 303,000 university graduates, with the employment rates of university graduates and university graduates of ethnic minority origins reaching 88.6 and 82.7 percent, respectively. By May 2011, it had virtually resolved the employment problems of 75,000 unemployed graduates of junior colleges and technical secondary schools who had registered before the end of 2009, of whom 84.6 percent came from ethnic minority groups. Some 1.66 million job opportunities were created for rural surplus labor in 2009. This figure increased to 2.85 million in 2014. During this five-year period, the relevant wage bill totaled RMB56.6 billion.

The life of the people has kept improving. In 2014, the per-capita disposable income of urban residents averaged RMB21,881, an increase of 51.2 fold over that of 1980, representing an average annual growth of 12.3 percent. This also represented an increase of more than RMB9,624 over that of 2009. The per-capita net income of rural residents was RMB8,114, increasing by 41.4 fold as compared with that of 1980, averaging an annual growth of 11.5 percent. This was an increase of more than RMB4,231 as compared with 2009. The Engel coefficient of urban and rural residents continued to decline, from 36.3 percent and 41.5 percent respectively in 2009 to 31.3 percent and 34.5 percent in 2014.