（四）改革与法治建设

　　市场体系不断完善。经过30多年的市场化进程，交通建设、养护、运输不断推向市场。积极推行市场准入负面清单制度，鼓励和引导社会资本参与交通运输投资运营，大力推广社会资本与政府合作模式（PPP)。交通运输全面实现政企分开。不断推进简政放权，创新优化行政审批服务方式。加快市场信用体系建设，市场监管体系逐步完善，统一开放、竞争有序的交通运输市场基本形成。

　　法律法规体系基本形成。适应改革发展需要，对交通运输法律法规进行了大量的立、改、废工作。目前，共有《铁路法》《公路法》《港口法》《航道法》《海商法》《海上交通安全法》《民用航空法》《邮政法》等8部法律、《铁路安全管理条例》《公路安全保护条例》《道路运输条例》《国际海运条例》《内河交通安全管理条例》《船员条例》《民用机场管理条例》《民用航空安全保卫条例》《邮政法实施细则》等65部行政法规，以及300余件部门规章。

4. Reform and Rule of Law

Market system has been improved. Through over 30 years of marketization, transport construction, maintenance and traffic have become market-oriented. China has issued its Negative List for Market Access, encouraging non-government capital to invest in transport operation, and vigorously promoting Public-Private Partnership (PPP). Transport has separated government functions from enterprise operation completely. The government has also streamlined its administration and delegated authority, and innovated and improved government approval services. Transport has been boosting the market credit system and improving market regulation. As a result, a unified, open transport market of orderly competition has been formed.

Legal framework has taken shape. To meet the demands of reform and development, China has promulgated, revised and annulled transport laws and regulations. Currently, China has eight relevant laws, namely, the Railway Law, Highway Law, Law on Ports, Waterway Law, Maritime Law, Maritime Traffic Safety Law, Civil Aviation Law and Postal Law. In addition, there are 65 relevant administrative regulations, including the Regulations on the Administration of Railway Safety, Regulations on the Administration of Highway Safety, Regulations on Road Transport, Regulations on International Maritime Transport, Regulations on the Administration of Traffic Safety in Inland Waters, Regulations on Seamen, Regulations on the Administration of Civil Airports, Regulations on Civil Aviation Safety, and Rules for the Implementation of the Postal Law. There are also more than 300 relevant departmental rules.

　　综合交通运输管理体制初步建立。2008年、2013年实施两轮交通运输大部门制改革，形成了由交通运输部管理国家铁路局、中国民用航空局、国家邮政局的大部门管理体制架构。各地积极推进综合交通运输管理体制改革，加快综合交通运输体系建设。

　　三、发挥基础性先导性服务性作用

　　着眼全面建成小康社会，中国政府坚持把交通运输摆在先行发展的重要位置，交通运输在推动经济社会发展、服务和改善民生以及促进生态文明建设方面，发挥了基础性先导性服务性作用。

Comprehensive transport management system has been preliminarily established. In 2008 and 2013 respectively China launched two rounds of institutional reform to establish a large transport department, namely, the Ministry of Transport, which put the National Railways Administration, Civil Aviation Administration of China and State Postal Bureau under its management. All localities are promoting structural reform for comprehensive transport management, and quickening their pace in building a comprehensive transport system. 

III. Playing a Basic, Pioneering and Serving Role

To complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, the Chinese government gives priority to transport, which plays a basic, pioneering and serving role in promoting economic and social development, in serving the people and improving their living standards, and in enhancing ecological progress.