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法律语言中经常使用两个或三个意思相近或者相同的动词构成一个短语以准确表达概念。这种近义词并列使用的方式,体现了法律语言的严肃性和法律文体的准确性与严密性,确保了整体含义的完整、准确。请看以下例子:
例1:为保证人民法院正确、及时审理行政案件,保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益,维护和监督行政机关依法行使行政职权,根据宪法,制定本法。
参考译文:For the purposes of safeguarding correct and timely trial of administrative cases, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations and ensuring and supervising the exercise of administrative power by administrative organs according to law, this Law is formulated and enacted in accordance with the Constitution.
译文分析:例文中的“制定本法”意为制定并颁布本法。翻译时常采用同义词连用来表达这两层含义。英语法律文本中经常同时使用“formulated and enacted”来表示“制定”,这种说法确保了译文的准确性。
例2:当事人之间订立有关设立、变更、转让和消灭不动产物权的合同,除法律另有规定或者合同另有约定外,自合同成立时生效;未办理物权登记的,不影响合同效力。
参考译文:As regards a contract concluded and entered into by the related parties on the creation, alteration, alienation or termination of the real right of a realty, it shall go into effect upon the conclusion of the contract, unless it is otherwise prescribed by any law or contract; and the validity of the contract is not affected, whether the real right has been registered or not.
译文分析:原文中“订立合同”一般理解为制定并实施合同。为了保证原文两层含义的准确表达,我们应将其译作“ conclude and enter into a contract”。
例 3: This agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B.
参考译文:本协议由甲方和乙方签订。
译文分析:原文中同时使用同义动词“make”和“enter into”来表达“签订”之意,这种动词连用的表达方法可保证原文含义的准确性和严密性。
例 4: The Corporation acknowledges and agrees that the Technology it receives from Party A during the term of the Contract shall be kept secret and confidential.
参考译文:公司承认并同意在合同期内由甲方提供的技术系属秘密。
译文分析:原文同时使用同义动词“acknowledge”和“agree”,准确而无歧义。
如不采用同义词连用,无论是“acknowledge”还是“agree”的单独使用,都会因各自的多义而引发争议。
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