对外商投资实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理模式，是中国适应经济全球化新形势和国际投资规则变化的制度变革。2016年9月，全国人大常委会对《外资企业法》等4部法律进行了修订，将不涉及国家规定实施准入特别管理措施的外商投资企业设立及变更事项，由审批改为备案管理。2018年上半年，中国完成修订外商投资负面清单工作，出台《国务院关于积极有效利用外资推动经济高质量发展若干措施的通知》，进一步大幅度放宽市场准入，包括稳步扩大金融业开放，持续推进服务业开放，深化农业、采矿业、制造业开放。

　　对于船舶行业，中国将于2018年取消外资股比限制，包括设计、制造、修理各环节。对于飞机制造行业，中国将取消外资股比限制，包括干线飞机、支线飞机、通用飞机、直升机、无人机、浮空器等。对于汽车行业，中国将取消专用车、新能源汽车外资股比限制，并将在未来5年内逐步取消汽车行业的全部股比限制。

China has adopted a foreign investment administration model of pre-establishment national treatment plus negative list. This move marks an institutional reform in response to new developments in economic globalization and changes in international rules for investment. In September 2016, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress amended four laws including the Law on Foreign Invested Enterprises. For those foreign-invested enterprises not subject to the special administrative measures on access to foreign investment (the negative list), their establishment and changes are now administered by a “filing for record” approach instead of the examination and approval system. In the first half of 2018, revision of the negative list for foreign investment was completed and the “Notice of the State Council on Measures for Using Foreign Investment Actively and Effectively to Promote High-Quality Economic Development” was issued to further widen market access considerably. China is making efforts to steadily liberalize its financial sector, constantly open up the services industry, and deepen the opening-up of agricultural, mining and manufacturing sectors.

As regards the shipbuilding industry, China will lift foreign equity caps for companies engaged in the design, manufacturing and repair of vessels in 2018. Moreover, China will lift foreign equity caps on airplane manufacturing of trunk airliners, regional jets, utility aircrafts, helicopters, drones and lighter-than-air aircrafts. In the automobile industry, China will remove foreign equity caps on manufacturing of special-purpose vehicles and new-energy vehicles, and phase out those on all automotive ventures over the next five years.

　　（四）创造更有吸引力的投资环境

　　中国积极营造宽松有序的投资环境，放宽外商投资准入，进一步简化外资准入管理程序，建设高标准自由贸易试验区，加强投资促进与投资保护，进一步提升外商投资环境法治化、国际化、便利化水平，让中国市场更加透明、更加规范，促进外资增长，提高利用外资质量。

　　截至2018年3月，中国全面取消非行政许可审批，与2013年3月相比，削减行政审批事项44%。中央政府层面核准的企业投资项目数量累计减少90%。全面改革工商登记、注册资本等商事制度，全面推行注册资本认缴登记制，工商登记前置审批事项压缩了87%，企业开办时间缩短三分之一以上。推进市场准入负面清单制度改革，推行“法无禁止即可为”，切实增强执法公正性，减轻企业负担。

4. Creating a more attractive environment for foreign investment

China makes efforts to create a favorable and orderly investment environment, ease market access for foreign investment, further simplify the administrative procedures on access to foreign investment, build pilot free-trade zones (FTZs) with high standards, and better promote and protect foreign investment. China works to improve an investment climate that conforms to international rules, facilitates foreign investment and is based on the rule of law, and to make its market more transparent and better regulated. These efforts will help attract more foreign investment into China and ensure its effective utilization.

By March 2018, all items for non-administrative license approval had been cancelled, and items for administrative approval had decreased by 44 percent as compared to March 2013. The number of investment projects by enterprises subject to verification of the central government had been reduced by 90 percent. China has comprehensively reformed its systems for business registration and registered capital, rolled out the subscribed capital registration system, and revoked 87 percent of the items subject to examination and approval preceding the industrial and commercial registration. The time for business establishment has been shortened by at least one third. In order to alleviate the burden on businesses, China is advancing the reform of the negative list for market access, promoting the concept of “everything that is not forbidden is allowed”, and reinforcing the impartiality of law enforcement.