(一)古体词的运用
古体词是法律英语的特色。合同作为法律性文件,适当地使用英语古体词汇,可以使行文更加正式、严肃。这类词主要由here、there及where加上after、by、in、of、on、to、 under、upon、with 等构成,具体如下:
hereafter after this in sequence or in time, in some future time or state 此后,以后
hereby by this means 以此方式,以此,特此
herefrom from this fact or statement 由此,从此
herein in this document 此中,于此,在此文件中
hereinabove at a prior point in this writing or document 前文
hereinafter in the following part of this writing or document 在下文
hereinbefore in the preceding part of this writing or document 在上文
hereof of this 就此,关于此
hereto to this writing or document 对此,至此
hereunder under or in accordance with this writing or document 在下面,在下文
herewith with this communication : enclosed in this 同此,以此
thereafter after that 此后,后来
thereby by that means 按此
therefrom from that 从此,从那里
therein in or into that place, time, or thing 在那里,在其中
thereinafter in the following part of that matter (as writing, document, or speech) 在下文
thereof of that 在其中
thereto to that 此外,在其上
thereunder under that part of a contract 在其下,按规定条款
therewith with that 与此
whereby by which 按,靠那个
wherein in which 在那方面
whereof of which 关于那个
whereon on what 因此,在什么上面
whereto to what place, purpose, or end 何以,向何处,为什么
whereunder under what 在其下,在那下面
例1
【原文】This contract is made this 19th of February, 2006 by WFX Corporation (hereinafter referred to as “Sellers”)who agree to sell and HJ Corporation (hereinafter referred to as “Buyers”),who agree to buy the following goods on the terms and conditions as below.
【译文】本合同由WFX公司(以下简称“卖方”)与HJ公司(以下简称“买方”)于2006 年2月19日订立,双方同意按下述条件买卖下列货物。
例2
【原文】IN WITNESSTH WHEREOF the parties hereto have executed this Contract by their authorized representatives as of the date first above written.
【译文】兹特由双方授权的代表,于上述首开日期和签署本合同为据。
【赏析】此例中的“IN WITOESSTH WHEREOF”意思是“作为协议事项的证据”,是格式化的合同语言,类似采用大写形式的还有:IN CONSIDERATION OF(考虑到,以 ……为约因)、WHEREAS (鉴于)、IN THE PRESENCE OF (见证人)、NOW THEREFORE(特此、兹特)、NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS(兹特立约为据)。