阴胜则阳病，阳胜则阴病。阳胜则热，阴胜则寒。重寒则热，重热则寒。寒伤形，热伤气。气伤痛，形伤肿。故先痛而后肿者，气伤形也;先肿而后痛者，形伤气也。风胜则动[《类说》引“动”作“痛”]，热胜则肿，燥胜则干，寒胜则浮[《太素》“浮”作腑]，湿胜则濡泻。

“The Yin and Yang within a human body must always be kept in balance. The overabundance of Yin will cause Yang diseases, and the over-abundance of Yang will cause Yin diseases. The over-abundance of Yang will bring about heat evil, and the abundance of Yin will bring about cold-evil. But things will develope into the opposite direction when they become extreme, so the extreme heat may cause cold, and the extreme cold may cause heat.

"Cold is Yin-evil and heat is Yang-evil, Yang produces the vital energy and Yin shapes up the physique. So it is cold-evil that hurts the physique and heat-evil that hurts the vital energy. When one's energy is hurt, his channel energy will be stagnated and cause pain, when one's physique is hurt, his muscle will be cloggy and cause swelling. So, when the patient suffers from pain first and then suffers from swelling is due to the disease of vital energy which hurts the physique; when the patient suffers from the swelling first and then becomes painful, it is due to the damage of the physique which affects the vital energy.

"The property of wind is stirring, when the wind-evil is partial predominating, shaking and trembling of the patient will happen. When the heat-evil is partial predominating, it will stagnat inside and hurt the muscle to cause swelling. When the dry evil is partial predominating, the body fluid will be consumed and cause dryness. When the cold-evil is partial predominating, it will cause the debility of the Yang energy which fails to circulate and brings about edema, When the wetness-evil is partial predominating, the water and fluid will run downwards and cause diarrhea.

天有四时五行(“五行”二字误窜，应在“以生寒暑”句上。王注:“故云五行以生寒暑燥湿风五气也”，以生长收藏，以生寒暑燥湿风。人有五藏，化五气，以生喜怒悲忧恐。故喜怒伤气，寒暑伤形。暴怒伤阴，暴喜伤阳。厥气上行，满脉去形。喜怒不节，寒暑过度，生乃不固。故重阴必阳，重阳必阴。故日:冬伤于寒，春必温C胡本，认本、赵本、吴本“温病”并作“病温”病;春伤于风，夏生飧泄;夏伤于暑，秋必痿疟;秋伤于湿，冬生[《济生拔萃》引“生”作“必”]咳嗽。

"In nature, there are the elapse of four seasons, and the changes of five elements produce the five energies, i. e..cold, heat, dryness, wetness and wind, and thereby to promote the birth. growth, harvesting and storing of all things. As the nature and man combine into one, there are five viscera for man correspondently. The five viscera of man produce the five energies which appeard to be overjoy, anger, melancholy, anxiety and terror respectively.

“The excitation of moods like overjoy, anger etc. may damage the viscera, so it hurts the vital energy of a man. The sudden change of different weather, such as cold, heat, etc. may invade the muscle and skin, thus, it hurts the physique of a man.

“Violent rage makes the vital energy flows reversely and force the blood to run upwards and causes blood stagnation above, as a result, the Yin is hurt. Violent overjoy causes the vital energy to slow down and descend, as a result, the Yang is hurt.

"When the cold-evil attack the brain, the blood goes upwards together with the energy to cause the channels and vessels to fill up with blood. When the blood is overflowed, hemiparalysis of the body will occur.

"All the stimulation of overjoy or anger without temperance, and all the abnormal change of the cold and hot weather can damage the true energy of a man and shorten his life span.

“Therefore, excessive Yin will be changed into Yang, and excessive Yang will be changed into Yin.

"When the body is affected by cold-evil in winter, and the disease does not come on immediately, the cold-evil will hide inside, and tranforms into heat to become seasonal febrile disease in spring when Yang grows. When the body is affected by wind-evil in spring, as the wind-evil communicates with the liver, its energy will become abundant through the wind.

When the liver is over-abundant、 the spleen will be restricted. When the spleen fails to transport and digest the food, watery diarrhea with indigested food will occur in summer. When the body is affected by summer-heat evil in summer and the disease does not come on immediately, the summer heat will hide inside, and when the body is invaded by the cold-evil in autumn, the contention of cold and heat against each other will cause malaria in autumn. When the body is affected by wet-evil in autumn, the wetness-evil will go up adversely to attack the lung, cough will occur in winter when the cold begins to evade."

帝曰:余闻上古圣人，论理人形，列别藏府，端络经脉，会通六合，各从其经;气穴所发，各有处名;谿谷属骨，皆有所起;分部逆从，各有条理;四时阴阳，尽有经纪，外内之应，皆有表里，其信然乎?

Yellow Emperor said: “I am told when the sages discribed the human body in ancient times, they always enumerated the positions of the five solid and six hollow organs respectively, pointed out the starting points and terminals of the twelve channels and the locations they pass through, divided the superficies and interiors of the three Yang channels and the three Yin channels into six coincidences (the Hand and Foot Shaoyin coincid with Taiyang channels, the Hand and Foot Taiyin coincide with Yangming channels and the Hand and Foot Jueyin coincide with Shaoyang channels), and each of them has accessible passage. The energy-points for affecting the channels are all located on specific positions and are all having their definite names. As the Xigu (Stream Valley) points locate between the joint of bones, so they belong to the bone, they are all having their starting points and terminals. The superficial collaterals on skin which belong to the twelve channels are in agreeable or adversed direction. The Yin and Yang change of the four seasons are all in a regular pattern and the superficies (Yang channels) and interiors (Yin channels) of a human body are corresponding. Are these versions correct?'

岐伯对日:东方生风，风生木，木生酸，酸生肝，肝生筋，筋生心，肝主目。其在天为玄，在人为道、在地为化。化生五味，道生智，玄生神。神在天为风，在地为木、在体为筋，在藏为肝，在色为苍，在音为角，在声为呼，在变动为握，在窍为目，在味为酸，在志为怒。怒伤肝、悲胜怒;风伤筋，燥胜风;酸伤筋，辛胜酸。

Qibo answered: “The east corresponds to spring when the Yang energy begins to generate, as the Yang energy ascends and disperses to become wind, so the east produces the wind. The wind causes the wood to become flourishing, so, the wind produces the wood. Wood is one of the five elements, it produces sour in accordance with the earth energy, and produces the liver in accordance with the wood energy, so, the sour produces the liver. Liver maintain the tendons, so, liver produces the tendons. As tendon is produced from the liver, liver associates with the wood, and wood can produce fire, so the tendon produces the heart (heart corresponds to the fire). The liver energy communicates with the eyes, so, the liver determines the condition of the eyes.

“The heaven has its subtle effect of developement, and man has his ways of adapting to the variations of Yin and Yang, and the earth has its function of activating the growth of all things on earth. As the growth of all things are activated, the five tastes are produced, in the course of adapting the change of all things, the wisdom produced, and under the subtle effect of developement, the deity produced. The deity takes charge of winds in heaven, takes charge on wood on earth, takes charge of tendons in human body, and takes charge of the liver in the five viscera.

“The colour of woods is green, in the five tones, it is Jue (the third tone), in sounds, it is shouting, in variations, it is grip. The eyes are the orificies of the liver, the taste of liverwood is sour, the emotion of liver is anger, excessive anger will hurt the liver, but sorrow can overcome the anger (sorrow is the emotion of lung, and metal can restrict the wood). Excessive wind will hurt the tendon, but dryness can overcome the wind (dryness corresponds to the metal, and metal can restrict the wood); excessive sour food taken will hurt the tendon, but acridness can overcome the sourness (acrid corresponds to the metal and metal can restrict the wood).

南方生热，热生火，火生苦，苦生心，心生血，血生脾，心主舌。其在天为热，在地为火，在体为脉，在藏为心，在色为赤，在音为征，在声为笑，在变动为忧，在窍为舌，在味为苦，在志为喜。喜伤心，恐胜喜;热伤气，寒胜热;苦伤气，咸胜苦。

“The south corresponds to summer, and heat is produced in the land of fire in summer, the fire can be transformed into bitterness which is the taste of heart. The heart determines the condition of blood, which generates the spleen (fire generates the earth). As the tongue is the symptoms of trend for heart therefore, the heart associates with the tongue.

“In the six weathers of heaven, the south is heat, in the five elements on earth (wood, fire, earth, metal and water), it is fire, in the human body, it is channel, in the five viscera (heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney), it is heart, in the five colours (green, red, yellow, white and black), it is red, in the five tones, it is Zhi (the fourth tone), in sounds, it is laughing, in the variations of emotion, it is melancholy, in the orificies, it is the tongue, in tastes, it is bitterness, in the emotional actions, it is overjoyy excessive overjoy may hurt the heart, but terror can overcome the overjoy (terror is the emotion of kidney, and water can restrict the fire); excessive heat, on the contrary, can damage the vital energy (sthenic-fire consumes vital energy), cold can overcome the heat (cold water can overcome the fire energy); bitterness is the taste of fire, excessive bitterness can also consume the energy, and saltiness can overcome the bitterness (the taste of kidney is salty, and water can restrict

fire).

中央生湿，湿生土，土生甘，甘生脾，脾生肉，肉生肺，脾主口。其在天为湿，在地为土，在体为肉，在藏为脾，在色为黄，在音为官，在声为歌，在变动为哕，在窍为口，在昧为甘，在志为思。思伤脾，怒胜思;湿伤肉，风胜湿;甘伤肉，酸胜甘。

“The centrality corresponds to the earth which produces the wetness, wetness is invisible and the earth is visible, as the visible things are produced from the invisibles, so wetness produces the earth. Earth associates with the farm, and crops in farm produces sweet, so the earth produces the sweet. The spleen controls the muscle, spleen-earth produces the lung-metal. Mouth is the orifice of spleen, so spleen associates with the mouth.

“In the six kinds of weather in heaven, centrality is wetness, in the five elements on earth, it is earth, in human body, it is muscle, in the five viscera, it is spleen, in the five colours, it is yellow, in the five tones, it is Gong (the first tone), in sounds, it is singing, when the energy becomes adverse, it is hiccup, in the nine orificies, it is mouth, in the five tastes, it is sweetness, in emotions, it is anxiety. Excessive anxiety may hurt the spleen, but anger can overcome anxiety (anger is the emotion of liver, and the wood can restrict the earth), excessive wetness may hurt the muscle, but wind can overcome the wetness (wind associates with the wood, and wood can restrict the earth), excessive sweetness may hurt the muscle, but sour can overcome the sweetness (sour associates with the wood, and wood can restrict the earth).

责任编辑：admin