吉：我刚刚从巴基斯坦回来，在那里待了5天。巴基斯坦安全形势比过去几年有了改善，但仍然不安全。中国如何确保在巴基斯坦和阿富汗这类“一带一路”沿线国家项目的安全，是否有可能在此类国家部署军队或安全人员，以保障“一带一路”项目和中国公民的安全？
乐：“一带一路” 涉及的国家很多，的确包含一些不稳定地区，但确保“一带一路”安全主要依靠当地政府。我们同有关国家签署的共建“一带一路”合作协议都包括驻在国负责项目安全的条款。巴基斯坦成立了专门的安保部队维护中巴经济走廊安全。
Jamil Anderlini: Thinking about Pakistan. It’s interesting because I was there for about five days. The security situation seems much better than it was just a few years ago. I wonder it’s still not very safe. So how does China make sure that these projects are safe? For example, in Pakistan? Maybe Afghanistan? Could you ever see a situation where we put Chinese troops or Chinese security to protect the BRI and Chinese workers and citizens?
Le Yucheng: The BRI involves a lot of countries. In some places, the situation is not secure yet. Primarily, we look to the government of host countries to provide for the security of BRI projects. The BRI cooperation agreements we have signed with various countries include provisions that the host countries will take up the security responsibility. For instance, Pakistan has set up a special force for the security of CPEC.
我们认为不发展才是最大的安全隐患。“一带一路”搞好了，自然会增进地区安全。中国没有利用“一带一路”安保问题寻求建立海外军事基地的意图，我们奉行和平的外交政策和防御性国防政策。但是中国也是个大国，对世界和平安全负有特殊责任，参与了联合国框架下的国际反恐、维和、打击海盗等行动。一些军人走出国门长期在海外保障和平，自然需要物质等方面的保障，类似吉布提的保障基地就很有必要。但是我想指出，我们在海外的军事存在比一些大国要少得多、小得多，而且我们不对别国进行军事干涉，更不侵犯别国领土主权。为了保护海外公民的利益和安全，外交部有领事保护机制，但这跟建立海外军事基地没有关系，我们通过各种方式保护我们的公民。
In our view, the lack of development is the biggest security risk. Progress made in the BRI will contribute to greater regional security. We have no intention of using the security of the BRI to set up overseas military bases, as we pursue an independent foreign policy of peace and a defense policy that is defensive in nature.
That said, as a major country, China shoulders special responsibility for world peace and security. And China has taken part in the UN-led peacekeeping operations and efforts against terrorism and piracy. As Chinese servicemen and women help maintain peace in other parts of the world, far away from home for months even years, they need logistic support including supplies. The Djibouti base is set up for that purpose.
It must be pointed out that China's military presence overseas is much smaller and much less than other major countries. We never seek military intervention in other countries, least of all do we infringe upon other countries’ territorial sovereignty.
To protect the interests and safety of Chinese nationals overseas, the Foreign Ministry has put in place a consular protection mechanism, which however, has nothing to do with overseas military bases. It is one of the many means for the government to protect Chinese nationals.
吉：我想问关于新疆的问题，过去几年中，新疆进行大规模安全打击的原因是什么？这对“一带一路”经过新疆延伸到有关国家会有什么影响？
乐：新疆首要的问题是稳定。前些年，新疆自治区出现了一些极端主义和恐怖主义，特别是暴力恐怖主义不仅对当地人民生命财产造成危害，而且还蔓延到北京、昆明等城市。所以，政府必须坚决打击。对恐怖分子、暴恐分子手软，就是对人民心硬。
Jamil Anderlini: I want to ask you about Xinjiang. Can you tell us what’s the main reason for the security crackdown in the last couple of years? What does it mean for Belt and Road going into the neighboring countries through that region?
Le Yucheng: For Xinjiang, stability is of paramount importance. A few years ago, extremism and terrorism, violent terrorism in particular, caused casualties and economic losses not just in Xinjiang but also in cities including Beijing and Kunming. Therefore, the government must resolutely crack down on terrorism. Being soft on violent terrorists is tantamount to being harsh on the people.
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