多年来，中央和西藏自治区编制实施了一系列生态环境保护与建设规划，对西藏的生态环境保护与建设进行全面规划与部署。中国政府在1998年和2000年制定的《全国生态环境建设规划》和《全国生态环境保护纲要》中，将青藏高原冻融区作为全国八大生态建设区之一，进行专门规划，建立保护措施。2009年，中国政府通过《西藏生态安全屏障保护与建设规划(2008-2030年)》，计划投资158亿元，争取到2030年基本建成西藏生态安全屏障。西藏自治区编制实施了《生态环境建设规划》、《水土保护规划》、《农牧区环境综合整治规划》、《生态功能区规划》等一系列生态环境保护与建设规划，并加大通过立法保护生态环境力度，近年来修订了《西藏自治区环境保护条例》，出台了《西藏自治区生态环境保护监督管理办法》等规章。
国家和自治区地方政府采取了严格的环境保护措施。实施天然林保护工程、退耕还林、退牧还草工程和天然草地保护与建设、游牧民定居、人工种草、草场改良等草地生态环境建设项目；启动了国家森林生态效益补偿基金，开展了防沙治沙、水土流失和小流域综合治理及地质灾害防治工作。坚持慎重发展工业的原则，严格限制高能耗、高污染、高排放行业在区内发展，推广使用清洁能源，努力减少温室气体排放。多年来，中央政府和西藏自治区政府采取严格措施，严禁矿产资源开发。2013年，政府进一步严格环境准入，新颁布实施生态环境保护监督管理办法、矿产资源勘查开发监督管理办法和环境保护考核办法，特别是实行了矿产资源勘查开发自治区政府统一管理和环境保护一票否决制。
Over the years, both central and regional governments have devised and implemented a series of plans for ecological conservation in Tibet to make overall planning for eco-environmental protection and economic construction of the region. In the National Plan for Eco-environmental Improvement and the National Program for Eco-environmental Protection, formulated by the government in 1998 and 2000 respectively, a separate plan with specific protection measures was drawn up to make the freeze-thawing zone on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau one of the country's eight major areas for ecological improvement. In 2009, the national government approved the Plan for Ecology Safety Barrier Protection and Improvement in Tibet (2008-2030), aiming to complete the Tibet ecology safety barrier by 2030 with an investment of RMB 15.8 billion. The Tibet Autonomous Region has also worked out and implemented a series of plans for eco-environmental protection and construction, including the Eco-environmental Improvement Plan, Plan for Water and Topsoil Conservation, Comprehensive Improvement Plan for the Environment in Farming and Pastoral Areas, and Ecological Function Zoning. Tibet has also further intensified efforts in eco-environmental protection by way of legislation, such as amending the Regulations of the Tibet Autonomous Region for Environmental Protection, and issuing the Methods of the Tibet Autonomous Region on Oversight and Management of Eco-environmental Protection.
Both the central and regional governments have adopted quite a number of strict measures for environmental protection. Projects have been carried out to protect natural forests, to reforest cultivated land, and to restore grassland by prohibiting grazing, as have grassland ecological environment improving programs like conservation and recovery of natural grassland, settlement of nomads, man-made grassland, and deteriorated pastureland improvement. A national fund was launched to compensate costs of public forest management. Efforts are being made in the areas of desertification control, water and soil conservation, comprehensive control of the drainage basins of small rivers, and prevention of geological disasters. Tibet's regional government is very prudent in developing industry, imposing strict constraints on industries that are heavy consumers of energy, and those which cause severe pollution or issue heavy emissions. It advocates the use of clean energy, and endeavors to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. The central and regional governments have adopted strict measures to prohibit exploitation of mineral resources. In 2013, the Tibetan government issued and began implementing regulations on supervising eco-environmental protection, regulations on supervising the exploration and exploitation of mineral resources, and measures on evaluating environmental conservation, further controlling the access to mineral development licenses through stricter environmental standards. The autonomous region has brought exploration and exploitation of mineral resources under its unified management, and vetoes any project that fails to meet the environment standards.
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